Paraquat (CHEM027388)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesXML
Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-05-25 23:42:16 UTC
Update Date2016-11-09 01:18:27 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM027388
Identification
Common NameParaquat
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionAn organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.
Contaminant Sources
  • FooDB Chemicals
  • STOFF IDENT Compounds
Contaminant TypeNot Available
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridiniumChEBI
1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridyldiyliumChEBI
Dimethyl viologenChEBI
Methyl viologen ion(2+)ChEBI
N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridiniumChEBI
N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dicationChEBI
Paraquat dicationChEBI
Paraquat ionChEBI
GramoxoneHMDB
Viologen, methylHMDB
Paragreen aHMDB
Methyl viologenHMDB
Chemical FormulaC12H14N2
Average Molecular Mass186.253 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass186.116 g/mol
CAS Registry Number4685-14-7
IUPAC Name1,1'-dimethyl-[4,4'-bipyridine]-1,1'-diium
Traditional Namestarfire
SMILESC[N+]1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=CC=[N+](C)C=C1
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C12H14N2/c1-13-7-3-11(4-8-13)12-5-9-14(2)10-6-12/h3-10H,1-2H3/q+2
InChI KeyINFDPOAKFNIJBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bipyridines and oligopyridines. These are organic compounds containing two pyridine rings linked to each other.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassPyridines and derivatives
Sub ClassBipyridines and oligopyridines
Direct ParentBipyridines and oligopyridines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Bipyridine
  • 4,4p-bipyridinium
  • N-methylpyridinium
  • Pyridinium
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic cation
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginNot Available
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.00016 g/LALOGPS
logP-4.2ALOGPS
logP-6.7ChemAxon
logS-6.2ALOGPS
Physiological Charge2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area7.76 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity59.19 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability22 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-8e105da1b5a413b7cdedSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-ef5d5e61533df6c42e3eSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00yr-3900000000-42168478ffe7524d8662Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-26e90595decaaf33fd6fSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-85b4cce5855b8138989fSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-00n0-1900000000-db10deb753c3a3973cc9Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)Not Available
Uses/SourcesNot Available
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB0033121
FooDB IDFDB011120
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkParaquat
Chemspider IDNot Available
ChEBI ID34905
PubChem Compound ID15939
Kegg Compound IDC14701
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=11349957
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=18620719
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=20377249
4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=20582739
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21236547
6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21300143
7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21318114
8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21429624
9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21493003
10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21598522
11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21616728
12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21619794
13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21619822
14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21750730
15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21777615
16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21787677
17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21802509
18. http://informahealthcare.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/15563657909030112
19. Bairaktari E, Katopodis K, Siamopoulos KC, Tsolas O: Paraquat-induced renal injury studied by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of urine. Clin Chem. 1998 Jun;44(6 Pt 1):1256-61.
20. Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.