Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-05-25 18:11:29 UTC
Update Date2016-11-09 01:17:21 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM021747
Identification
Common NameGentisic acid
ClassSmall Molecule
Description
Contaminant Sources
  • FooDB Chemicals
  • HMDB Contaminants - Feces
  • HMDB Contaminants - Urine
  • STOFF IDENT Compounds
Contaminant TypeNot Available
Chemical Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
2,5-DihydroxybenzoateChEBI
5-Hydroxysalicylic acidChEBI
GentisateChEBI
Hydroquinonecarboxylic acidChEBI
2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acidKegg
5-HydroxysalicylateGenerator
HydroquinonecarboxylateGenerator
2,5-DioxybenzoateHMDB
2,5-Dioxybenzoic acidHMDB
3,6-DihydroxybenzoateHMDB
3,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acidHMDB
5-Hydroxy-salicylateHMDB
5-Hydroxy-salicylic acidHMDB
CarboxyhydroquinoneHMDB
DihydroxybenzoicacidHMDB
GensigenHMDB
GensigonHMDB
GentisinateHMDB
Gentisinic acidHMDB
2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, monosodium saltHMDB
Lithium 2,5-dihydroxybenzoateHMDB
Gentisic acidChEBI
Hydroquinone carboxylic acidHMDB
Chemical FormulaC7H6O4
Average Molecular Mass154.121 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass154.027 g/mol
CAS Registry Number490-79-9
IUPAC Name2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid
Traditional Name2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid
SMILESOC(=O)C1=C(O)C=CC(O)=C1
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C7H6O4/c8-4-1-2-6(9)5(3-4)7(10)11/h1-3,8-9H,(H,10,11)
InChI KeyWXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives. Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives are compounds containing a hydroxybenzoic acid (or a derivative), which is a benzene ring bearing a carboxyl and a hydroxyl groups.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassBenzoic acids and derivatives
Direct ParentHydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Dihydroxybenzoic acid
  • Salicylic acid
  • Salicylic acid or derivatives
  • Hydroxybenzoic acid
  • Benzoic acid
  • Benzoyl
  • Hydroquinone
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Phenol
  • Vinylogous acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginNot Available
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility12.3 g/LALOGPS
logP1.23ALOGPS
logP1.67ChemAxon
logS-1.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.53ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-5.9ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area77.76 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity37.28 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability13.78 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-0849000000-d6f7b541cabdb5e20dd6Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)splash10-0a4i-3955000000-215d684d2fae395f2e76Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-03di-2009080030-be174b5f8728c96650e7Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-0229000000-a4712abe7c7db86a97beSpectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-0849000000-d6f7b541cabdb5e20dd6Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-3955000000-215d684d2fae395f2e76Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-1946000000-be25f693c540abb01bdeSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-114r-2900000000-c5a4c512f555f4ebce47Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-008a-5092000000-1b91af6751ccb58c613cSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_3_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-0zfr-0900000000-816a84a65cefa1b31731Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-0a4i-1900000000-977e85749e8fa31315c5Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-0a4i-1900000000-086d66fbe2d41a2d725cSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negativesplash10-0udi-0900000000-e3a62163a69461ab2cffSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-06431a9cf0c877732fe5Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-e938fddf26a9bb2cd9e3Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-38ef6d9660431bec9b3bSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-ac95d834c95477f325a7Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - MALDI-TOF (Voyager DE-PRO, Applied Biosystems) , Negativesplash10-0udi-0902000000-6cc114aa94b58c53c123Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - MALDI-TOF (Voyager DE-PRO, Applied Biosystems) , Negativesplash10-0udi-0901000000-077381dba9d80706a097Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-56fe39ec90c2e54662dbSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negativesplash10-0pdi-0439000000-d097f2b9a5189bc4bb0fSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 10V, Negativesplash10-0pdi-0439000000-d097f2b9a5189bc4bb0fSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negativesplash10-0pdi-0439000000-d097f2b9a5189bc4bb0fSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-ddf5ec6162fb4b835c3aSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0udi-0900000000-e3a62163a69461ab2cffSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-06431a9cf0c877732fe5Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-e938fddf26a9bb2cd9e3Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-38ef6d9660431bec9b3bSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-ac95d834c95477f325a7Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-56fe39ec90c2e54662dbSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - , negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-a0b5d2185d831113c59aSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-TOF , negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-ddf5ec6162fb4b835c3aSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-beeea2764ef314b28b6fSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-8f8c308c2151437089c1Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0f79-7900000000-4ac54ba9a72c8707055dSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)Not Available
Uses/SourcesNot Available
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000152
FooDB IDFDB000844
Phenol Explorer ID416
KNApSAcK IDC00002648
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDCPD-633
METLIN ID618
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkGentisic_acid
Chemspider ID3350
ChEBI ID17189
PubChem Compound ID3469
Kegg Compound IDC00628
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDM2MDB004140
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
1. Morris, Steward G. Preparation of gentisic acid and its fatty alcohol esters.Journal of the American Chemical Society (1949), 71 2056-7
2. Morris, Steward G. Preparation of gentisic acid and its fatty alcohol esters.Journal of the American Chemical Society (1949), 71 2056-7
3. Ohsako M, Matsumoto Y, Goto S: Transport of aspirin and its metabolites through human erythrocyte membrane. Biol Pharm Bull. 1993 Feb;16(2):154-7.
4. Almaas R, Rootwelt T, Oyasaeter S, Saugstad OD: Ascorbic acid enhances hydroxyl radical formation in iron-fortified infant cereals and infant formulas. Eur J Pediatr. 1997 Jun;156(6):488-92.
5. Verhaeghe BJ, Lefevere MF, De Leenheer AP: Solid-phase extraction with strong anion-exchange columns for selective isolation and concentration of urinary organic acids. Clin Chem. 1988 Jun;34(6):1077-83.
6. Palumbo G, Carlucci G, Mazzeo P, Frieri G, Pimpo MT, Fanini D: Simultaneous determination of 5-aminosalicylic acid, acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid in endoscopic intestinal biopsy samples in humans by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1995 Dec;14(1-2):175-80.
7. Grootveld M, Halliwell B: Aromatic hydroxylation as a potential measure of hydroxyl-radical formation in vivo. Identification of hydroxylated derivatives of salicylate in human body fluids. Biochem J. 1986 Jul 15;237(2):499-504.
8. Peleg H, Noble AC: Perceptual properties of benzoic acid derivatives. Chem Senses. 1995 Aug;20(4):393-400.
9. Buskin JN, Upton RA, Williams RL: Improved liquid-chromatography of aspirin, salicylate, and salicyluric acid in plasma, with a modification for determining aspirin metabolites in urine. Clin Chem. 1982 May;28(5):1200-3.
10. Liu JH, Smith PC: Direct analysis of salicylic acid, salicyl acyl glucuronide, salicyluric acid and gentisic acid in human plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1996 Jan 12;675(1):61-70.
11. Coudray C, Talla M, Martin S, Fatome M, Favier A: High-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical determination of salicylate hydroxylation products as an in vivo marker of oxidative stress. Anal Biochem. 1995 May 1;227(1):101-11.
12. Bochner F, Graham GG, Cham BE, Imhoff DM, Haavisto TM: Salicylate metabolite kinetics after several salicylates. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981 Aug;30(2):266-75.
13. Cham BE, Bochner F, Imhoff DM, Johns D, Rowland M: Simultaneous liquid-chromatographic quantitation of salicylic acid, salicyluric acid, and gentisic acid in urine. Clin Chem. 1980 Jan;26(1):111-4.
14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=15862799
15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=18314336
16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=22770225
17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=24547933