Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-05-25 18:09:59 UTC
Update Date2016-11-09 01:17:20 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM021685
Identification
Common NameProline betaine
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionAn amino acid betaine that is L-proline zwitterion in which both of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups.
Contaminant Sources
  • FooDB Chemicals
  • HMDB Contaminants - Urine
Contaminant TypeNot Available
Chemical Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(S)-2-Carboxylato-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidiniumChEBI
N,N-Dimethyl-L-prolineChEBI
StachydrineChEBI
L-Proline betaineKegg
(2S)-2-Carboxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidiniumHMDB
(S)-2-Carboxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidiniumHMDB
HomostachydrineHMDB
Prestwick-08g03HMDB
DimethylprolineMeSH, HMDB
Stachydrine chlorideMeSH, HMDB
Stachydrine chloride, (S)-isomerMeSH, HMDB
Stachydrine, (+-)-isomerMeSH, HMDB
Proline betaineChEBI
Chemical FormulaC7H13NO2
Average Molecular Mass143.184 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass143.095 g/mol
CAS Registry Number471-87-4
IUPAC Name(2S)-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium-2-carboxylate
Traditional Namestachydrine
SMILESC[N+]1(C)CCC[C@H]1C([O-])=O
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C7H13NO2/c1-8(2)5-3-4-6(8)7(9)10/h6H,3-5H2,1-2H3/t6-/m0/s1
InChI KeyCMUNUTVVOOHQPW-LURJTMIESA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as proline and derivatives. Proline and derivatives are compounds containing proline or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentProline and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Proline or derivatives
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • L-alpha-amino acid
  • Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid
  • Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives
  • N-alkylpyrrolidine
  • Tetraalkylammonium salt
  • Pyrrolidine
  • Quaternary ammonium salt
  • Carboxylic acid salt
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Amine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic salt
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginNot Available
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.67 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.2ALOGPS
logP-3.9ChemAxon
logS-2.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.26ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area40.13 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity60.11 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability15.05 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-002e-9000000000-36bbb91342358293711aSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0bt9-9200000000-395432f0cf8795dd4cf7Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0006-0900000000-ea4782d2282bc28329c0Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0007-4900000000-75a3b0df6adc0100b9feSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0aou-9000000000-5df24b6079668b584f79Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0006-0900000000-34921bec4b2fad07f505Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0006-3900000000-da3a14fcb5a4909b775eSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-000f-9000000000-7b04a861eee46ac86b66Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0002-9500000000-135bbe696520934e172eSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0002-9100000000-6d9ce7552b62c3e5d66cSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-059w-9100000000-1648e60acdd97fc80a9dSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0006-0900000000-bf6e206b443f53ef90b5Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0006-0900000000-bf6e206b443f53ef90b5Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9200000000-94164ee813c486cb0b96Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)Not Available
Uses/SourcesNot Available
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB04284
HMDB IDHMDB0004827
FooDB IDFDB000463
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00002074
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDCPD-821
METLIN ID7089
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
Chemspider ID103115
ChEBI ID35280
PubChem Compound ID115244
Kegg Compound IDC10172
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDECMDB21384
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=22770225
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=24704554
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25012968
4. Le Rudulier D, Bernard T, Goas G, Hamelin J: Osmoregulation in Klebsiella pneumoniae: enhancement of anaerobic growth and nitrogen fixation under stress by proline betaine, gamma-butyrobetaine, and other related compounds. Can J Microbiol. 1984 Mar;30(3):299-305.
5. Chambers ST, Kunin CM: Isolation of glycine betaine and proline betaine from human urine. Assessment of their role as osmoprotective agents for bacteria and the kidney. J Clin Invest. 1987 Mar;79(3):731-7.
6. Lever M, Sizeland PC, Bason LM, Hayman CM, Chambers ST: Glycine betaine and proline betaine in human blood and urine. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Aug 18;1200(3):259-64.
7. Atkinson W, Downer P, Lever M, Chambers ST, George PM: Effects of orange juice and proline betaine on glycine betaine and homocysteine in healthy male subjects. Eur J Nutr. 2007 Dec;46(8):446-52. Epub 2007 Dec 4.
8. Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043.