Record Information |
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Version | 1.0 |
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Creation Date | 2016-05-25 18:08:21 UTC |
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Update Date | 2016-11-09 01:17:19 UTC |
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Accession Number | CHEM021615 |
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Identification |
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Common Name | Sphingosine |
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Class | Small Molecule |
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Description | Sphingosine, also known as (4e)-sphingenine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,2-aminoalcohols. These are organic compounds containing an alkyl chain with an amine group bound to the C1 atom and an alcohol group bound to the C2 atom. Sphingosine exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa) molecule. Sphingosine exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. |
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Contaminant Sources | - FooDB Chemicals
- HMDB Contaminants - Urine
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Contaminant Type | Not Available |
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Chemical Structure | |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(-)-D-Erythro-sphingosine | HMDB | (2S,3R)-Sphingosine | HMDB | (2S,3R,4E)-2-Amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol | HMDB | (4E)-Sphingenine | HMDB | 4-Sphingenine | HMDB | 4-trans-Sphingenine | HMDB | [R-[R*,s*-(e)]]-2-amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C18H37NO2 |
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Average Molecular Mass | 299.492 g/mol |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 299.282 g/mol |
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CAS Registry Number | 123-78-4 |
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IUPAC Name | (4E)-2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol |
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Traditional Name | sphingosine |
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SMILES | CCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C(O)C(N)CO |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C18H37NO2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-18(21)17(19)16-20/h14-15,17-18,20-21H,2-13,16,19H2,1H3/b15-14+ |
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InChI Key | WWUZIQQURGPMPG-CCEZHUSRSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,2-aminoalcohols. These are organic compounds containing an alkyl chain with an amine group bound to the C1 atom and an alcohol group bound to the C2 atom. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic nitrogen compounds |
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Class | Organonitrogen compounds |
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Sub Class | Amines |
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Direct Parent | 1,2-aminoalcohols |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Secondary alcohol
- 1,2-aminoalcohol
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary amine
- Primary alcohol
- Organooxygen compound
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | Not Available |
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Biological Properties |
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Status | Detected and Not Quantified |
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Origin | Not Available |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biofluid Locations | Not Available |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | Not Available |
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Applications | Not Available |
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Biological Roles | Not Available |
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Chemical Roles | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Appearance | Not Available |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Solubility | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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Spectra |
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Spectra | Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-03dr-9260000000-2ff04e0afd9e8b2f0851 | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-003r-8915100000-51f94df9cbd9e00dbf76 | Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated) | splash10-001i-0090000000-67307f0b7f6f858af400 | Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated) | splash10-0a59-9010000000-e66065dfabaedfa9a7f2 | Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated) | splash10-0api-9000000000-a5c7c01555839f61ab3d | Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-0f89-0092000000-c0188d9e3166e42d0a72 | Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-02ai-2390000000-23fd78f38dca1695f653 | Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-0a4m-6940000000-bd71a7546dbbc9a6e83b | Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-0002-0090000000-310f8ec2f529dd63e5b7 | Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-07d4-4090000000-3ec929924c6bbc7293e0 | Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-0006-9030000000-c344fe4fe9af07abf710 | Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum | Not Available | Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum | Not Available | Spectrum |
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Toxicity Profile |
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Route of Exposure | Not Available |
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Mechanism of Toxicity | Not Available |
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Metabolism | Not Available |
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Toxicity Values | Not Available |
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Lethal Dose | Not Available |
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Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) | Not Available |
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Uses/Sources | Not Available |
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Minimum Risk Level | Not Available |
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Health Effects | Not Available |
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Symptoms | Not Available |
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Treatment | Not Available |
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Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000252 |
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FooDB ID | FDB021919 |
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Phenol Explorer ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | 34606 |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | 392 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Sphingosine |
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Chemspider ID | 4510275 |
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ChEBI ID | 16393 |
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PubChem Compound ID | 5353955 |
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Kegg Compound ID | C00319 |
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YMDB ID | YMDB00190 |
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ECMDB ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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MSDS | Not Available |
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General References | 1. Obayashi, Michio; Schlosser, Manfred. An efficient synthesis of (2S,3R)- and (2S,3S)-sphingosine. Chemistry Letters (1985), (11), 1715-18. | 2. Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743. | 3. Obayashi, Michio; Schlosser, Manfred. An efficient synthesis of (2S,3R)- and (2S,3S)-sphingosine. Chemistry Letters (1985), (11), 1715-18. | 4. Qiu M, Liu X: Determination of sphinganine, sphingosine and Sa/So ratio in urine of humans exposed to dietary fumonisin B1. Food Addit Contam. 2001 Mar;18(3):263-9. | 5. Ribar S, Mesaric M, Bauman M: High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of sphinganine and sphingosine in serum and urine of subjects from an endemic nephropathy area in Croatia. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 2001 Apr 25;754(2):511-9. | 6. Wong K, Kwan-Yeung L: Sphingosine mobilizes intracellular calcium in human neutrophils. Cell Calcium. 1993 Jun;14(6):493-505. | 7. Wertz PW, Downing DT: Free sphingosine in human epidermis. J Invest Dermatol. 1990 Feb;94(2):159-61. | 8. Rusakov SA, Filippova GN, Pushkareva MIu, Korobko VG, Alesenko AV: [The effect of tumor necrosis factor on the free sphingosine level and sphingomyelinase in murine liver cells and nuclei]. Biokhimiia. 1993 May;58(5):724-32. | 9. Hisano N, Yatomi Y, Fujino MA, Igarashi Y, Kume S, Ozaki Y: Quantification of sphingosine derivatives in human platelets: inducible formation of free sphingosine. J Biochem. 1998 Feb;123(2):263-8. | 10. Arikawa J, Ishibashi M, Kawashima M, Takagi Y, Ichikawa Y, Imokawa G: Decreased levels of sphingosine, a natural antimicrobial agent, may be associated with vulnerability of the stratum corneum from patients with atopic dermatitis to colonization by Staphylococcus aureus. J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Aug;119(2):433-9. | 11. Gorska M, Dobrzyn A, Baranowski M: Concentrations of sphingosine and sphinganine in plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes. Med Sci Monit. 2005 Jan;11(1):CR35-8. | 12. Authors unspecified: Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of fumonisin B1 (cas no. 116355-83-0) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (feed studies). Natl Toxicol Program Tech Rep Ser. 2001 Dec;(496):1-352. | 13. Alessenko AV, Korobko VG, Khrenov AV, Rozhnova UA, Soloviev AS, Shingarova LN: Relation of biological activity of mutant forms of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha and accumulation of sphingosine in murine liver. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1997 Jun;42(1):143-54. | 14. Sweeney EA, Sakakura C, Shirahama T, Masamune A, Ohta H, Hakomori S, Igarashi Y: Sphingosine and its methylated derivative N,N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS) induce apoptosis in a variety of human cancer cell lines. Int J Cancer. 1996 May 3;66(3):358-66. | 15. Shin Y, Daly JW, Choi OH: Diverse effects of sphingosine on calcium mobilization and influx in differentiated HL-60 cells. Cell Calcium. 2000 May;27(5):269-80. | 16. van der Westhuizen L, Shephard GS, van Schalkwyk DJ: The effect of repeated gavage doses of fumonisin B1 on the sphinganine and sphingosine levels in vervet monkeys. Toxicon. 2001 Jul;39(7):969-72. | 17. van der Westhuizen L, Brown NL, Marasas WF, Swanevelder S, Shephard GS: Sphinganine/sphingosine ratio in plasma and urine as a possible biomarker for fumonisin exposure in humans in rural areas of Africa. Food Chem Toxicol. 1999 Dec;37(12):1153-8. | 18. Khan WA, Mascarella SW, Lewin AH, Wyrick CD, Carroll FI, Hannun YA: Use of D-erythro-sphingosine as a pharmacological inhibitor of protein kinase C in human platelets. Biochem J. 1991 Sep 1;278 ( Pt 2):387-92. | 19. Cuvillier O, Pirianov G, Kleuser B, Vanek PG, Coso OA, Gutkind S, Spiegel S: Suppression of ceramide-mediated programmed cell death by sphingosine-1-phosphate. Nature. 1996 Jun 27;381(6585):800-3. |
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