Glucosamine (CHEM021051)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesXML
Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-05-25 02:53:33 UTC
Update Date2016-10-28 10:02:30 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM021051
Identification
Common NameGlucosamine
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionA Glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.
Contaminant Sources
  • Cosmetic Chemicals
  • FooDB Chemicals
  • HMDB Contaminants - Urine
  • STOFF IDENT Compounds
Contaminant TypeNot Available
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucoseChEBI
ChitosamineChEBI
D-GlucosamineChEBI
(+)-2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranoseHMDB
(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,4,5-triolHMDB
2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranoseHMDB
2-Amino-2-deoxyglucoseHMDB
2-AminoglucoseHMDB
2-Deoxy-2-amino-D-glucoseHMDB
2-Deoxy-2-aminoglucoseHMDB
CosaminHMDB
D-(+)-GlucosamineHMDB
DonaHMDB
Fides ecopharma brand OF glucosamine sulfateHMDB
Rottapharm brand OF glucosamine sulfateHMDB
XicilHMDB
2 Amino 2 deoxyglucoseHMDB
Glucosamine sulfateHMDB
Sulfate, glucosamineHMDB
Dona SHMDB
Opfermann brand OF glucosamine sulfateHMDB
HespercorbinHMDB
Chemical FormulaC6H13NO5
Average Molecular Mass179.171 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass179.079 g/mol
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
IUPAC Name(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,4,5-triol
Traditional Nameglucosamine
SMILESN[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C6H13NO5/c7-3-5(10)4(9)2(1-8)12-6(3)11/h2-6,8-11H,1,7H2/t2-,3-,4-,5-,6?/m1/s1
InChI KeyMSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentHexoses
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Hexose monosaccharide
  • Amino saccharide
  • Oxane
  • 1,2-aminoalcohol
  • Hemiacetal
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Polyol
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Oxacycle
  • Primary amine
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Amine
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginNot Available
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility551 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.7ALOGPS
logP-3ChemAxon
logS0.49ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.73ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.23ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count5ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area116.17 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity37.58 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability16.87 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-06tr-9300000000-7e2a89f48724cdda814cSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (4 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0ul9-9847700000-b4779809586433e7ec78Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-03di-4900000000-364d52fc6e7e423f52bbSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-762e016c89a40a9e3f49Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-bd04d561d78f2abad229Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-03di-9500000000-9bfc2897a4b66f71c7a1Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0007-9000000000-f842b779439be8970cd9Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-074i-9000000000-622ec0743231c0cbaca6Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-03e9-9700000000-5087af92679b2640ba6cSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9000000000-b9ba212915cbdaed8628Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9000000000-2d1825b518f09745e036Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03la-9100000000-3da7ee17d7512a59e3efSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-03e9-9400000000-cca17ef05a47a7be4d43Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-01x0-9500000000-5fbd02d318d3ec58f98bSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Positivesplash10-0abc-9000000000-11e86d324c183174364eSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 0V, Positivesplash10-001i-0900000000-3ba18bb57823024db64eSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-03e9-9500000000-52f44695a6cfb6459105Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-03di-9800000000-264ee54a99e01e0d4e30Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-00dl-9000000000-08f87dc3e44979542ca2Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-06r6-9000000000-635fa893be82ffdeca97Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Positivesplash10-03e9-9600000000-09232c8766303805f765Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-01q9-0900000000-4c88765919efa0ec2d2dSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03ea-6900000000-301590fbe90692448d5eSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-052g-9100000000-d6a51790ce1df14a067aSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-002r-9400000000-e43a7a5cb44f6c461544Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-053r-9800000000-56b95ef43b164db5524dSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-052f-9000000000-1434c5ce1e9649c1cbf1Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
2D NMR[1H,1H] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)Not Available
Uses/SourcesNot Available
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB01296
HMDB IDHMDB0001514
FooDB IDFDB022668
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG ID34633
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN ID266
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkGlucosamine
Chemspider ID388352
ChEBI ID47977
PubChem Compound ID439213
Kegg Compound IDC00329
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDECMDB01514
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=22846255
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=59831
3. Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743.
4. Qian L, Zhao A, Zhang Y, Chen T, Zeisel SH, Jia W, Cai W: Metabolomic Approaches to Explore Chemical Diversity of Human Breast-Milk, Formula Milk and Bovine Milk. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 17;17(12). pii: ijms17122128. doi: 10.3390/ijms17122128.
5. Li, Nan; Li, Jiheng. Preparation of D-glucosamine hydrochloride. Zhongguo Yaoke Daxue Xuebao (1997), 28(1), 56-58.
6. Thatte HS, Zagarins S, Khuri SF, Fischer TH: Mechanisms of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine polymer-mediated hemostasis: platelet interactions. J Trauma. 2004 Jul;57(1 Suppl):S13-21.
7. Ruoslahti E, Engvall E, Hayman EG, Spiro RG: Comparative studies on amniotic fluid and plasma fibronectins. Biochem J. 1981 Jan 1;193(1):295-9.
8. Rhodes M, Allen A, Dowling RH, Murphy G, Lennard TW: Inhibition of human gall bladder mucus synthesis in patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Gut. 1992 Aug;33(8):1113-7.
9. Cibere J, Thorne A, Kopec JA, Singer J, Canvin J, Robinson DB, Pope J, Hong P, Grant E, Lobanok T, Ionescu M, Poole AR, Esdaile JM: Glucosamine sulfate and cartilage type II collagen degradation in patients with knee osteoarthritis: randomized discontinuation trial results employing biomarkers. J Rheumatol. 2005 May;32(5):896-902.
10. Morita H, Kettlewell MG, Jewell DP, Kent PW: Glycosylation and sulphation of colonic mucus glycoproteins in patients with ulcerative colitis and in healthy subjects. Gut. 1993 Jul;34(7):926-32.
11. Zhang LJ, Huang TM, Fang XL, Li XN, Wang QS, Zhang ZW, Sha XY: Determination of glucosamine sulfate in human plasma by precolumn derivatization using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection: its application to a bioequivalence study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2006 Sep 14;842(1):8-12. Epub 2006 Jun 5.
12. Hoffer LJ, Kaplan LN, Hamadeh MJ, Grigoriu AC, Baron M: Sulfate could mediate the therapeutic effect of glucosamine sulfate. Metabolism. 2001 Jul;50(7):767-70.
13. Huang TM, Cai L, Yang B, Zhou MX, Shen YF, Duan GL: Liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method for the assay of glucosamine sulfate in human plasma: validation and application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr. 2006 Mar;20(3):251-6.
14. Biggee BA, Blinn CM, McAlindon TE, Nuite M, Silbert JE: Low levels of human serum glucosamine after ingestion of glucosamine sulphate relative to capability for peripheral effectiveness. Ann Rheum Dis. 2006 Feb;65(2):222-6. Epub 2005 Aug 3.
15. McCarty MF: Enhanced synovial production of hyaluronic acid may explain rapid clinical response to high-dose glucosamine in osteoarthritis. Med Hypotheses. 1998 Jun;50(6):507-10.
16. Uitterlinden EJ, Jahr H, Koevoet JL, Jenniskens YM, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Degroot J, Verhaar JA, Weinans H, van Osch GJ: Glucosamine decreases expression of anabolic and catabolic genes in human osteoarthritic cartilage explants. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2006 Mar;14(3):250-7. Epub 2005 Nov 18.
17. Cope GF, Heatley RV, Kelleher J, Axon AT: In vitro mucus glycoprotein production by colonic tissue from patients with ulcerative colitis. Gut. 1988 Feb;29(2):229-34.
18. McCarty MF: Glucosamine may retard atherogenesis by promoting endothelial production of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Med Hypotheses. 1997 Mar;48(3):245-51.
19. Cheung HS, Nicoloff JT, Kamiel MB, Spolter L, Nimni ME: Stimulation of fibroblast biosynthetic activity by serum of patients with pretibial myxedema. J Invest Dermatol. 1978 Jul;71(1):12-7.
20. Valeri CR, Srey R, Tilahun D, Ragno G: In vitro effects of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine on the activation of platelets in platelet-rich plasma with and without red blood cells. J Trauma. 2004 Jul;57(1 Suppl):S22-5; discussion S25.
21. Roseman S: Reflections on glycobiology. J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 9;276(45):41527-42. Epub 2001 Sep 11.
22. GHOSH S, BLUMENTHAL HJ, DAVIDSON E, ROSEMAN S: Glucosamine metabolism. V. Enzymatic synthesis of glucosamine 6-phosphate. J Biol Chem. 1960 May;235:1265-73.
23. Laverty S, Sandy JD, Celeste C, Vachon P, Marier JF, Plaas AH: Synovial fluid levels and serum pharmacokinetics in a large animal model following treatment with oral glucosamine at clinically relevant doses. Arthritis Rheum. 2005 Jan;52(1):181-91.
24. Towheed TE, Maxwell L, Anastassiades TP, Shea B, Houpt J, Robinson V, Hochberg MC, Wells G: Glucosamine therapy for treating osteoarthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Apr 18;(2):CD002946.
25. Buse MG: Hexosamines, insulin resistance, and the complications of diabetes: current status. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Jan;290(1):E1-E8.