Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-05-19 02:07:06 UTC
Update Date2016-11-09 01:09:37 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM005846
Identification
Common NameD-GLUCONIC ACID
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionA gluconic acid having D-configuration.
Contaminant Sources
  • EAFUS Chemicals
  • FooDB Chemicals
  • HMDB Contaminants - Feces
  • HMDB Contaminants - Urine
  • HPV EPA Chemicals
  • OECD HPV Chemicals
  • STOFF IDENT Compounds
  • ToxCast & Tox21 Chemicals
Contaminant TypeNot Available
Chemical Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanoic acidChEBI
D-Gluco-hexonic acidChEBI
D-GluconsaeureChEBI
D-GlukonsaeureChEBI
Dextronic acidChEBI
Glycogenic acidChEBI
Hexonic acidChEBI
Maltonic acidChEBI
D-GluconateKegg
(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-PentahydroxyhexanoateGenerator
D-Gluco-hexonateGenerator
DextronateGenerator
GlycogenateGenerator
HexonateGenerator
MaltonateGenerator
D-Gluconic acidGenerator
GluconateGenerator
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxy-hexanoateHMDB
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxy-hexanoic acidHMDB
2,3,4,5,6-PentahydroxyhexanoateHMDB
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanoic acidHMDB
GCOHMDB
GlosantoHMDB
GlyconateHMDB
Glyconic acidHMDB
PentahydroxycaproateHMDB
Pentahydroxycaproic acidHMDB
Boron gluconateHMDB
Gluconic acid, (113)indium-labeledHMDB
Gluconic acid, calcium saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, cesium(+3) saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, lanthanum(+3) saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, sodium saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, strontium (2:1) saltHMDB
MagnerotHMDB
Manganese gluconateHMDB
Sodium gluconateHMDB
Zinc gluconateHMDB
Gluconic acid, (159)dysprosium-labeled saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, aluminum (3:1) saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, ammonium saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, magnesium (2:1) saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, (14)C-labeledHMDB
Gluconic acid, 1-(14)C-labeledHMDB
Gluconic acid, 6-(14)C-labeledHMDB
Gluconic acid, cobalt (2:1) saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, copper saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, manganese (2:1) saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, potassium saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, tin(+2) saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, zinc saltHMDB
Lithium gluconateHMDB
Magnesium gluconateHMDB
Gluconic acid, (99)technecium (5+) saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, fe(+2) salt, dihydrateHMDB
Gluconic acid, monolithium saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, monopotassium saltHMDB
Gluconic acid, monosodium saltHMDB
Chemical FormulaC6H12O7
Average Molecular Mass196.155 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass196.058 g/mol
CAS Registry Number526-95-4
IUPAC Name(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid
Traditional Namegluconate
SMILESOC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C6H12O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13)/t2-,3-,4+,5-/m1/s1
InChI KeyRGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar acids and derivatives. Sugar acids and derivatives are compounds containing a saccharide unit which bears a carboxylic acid group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentSugar acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Gluconic_acid
  • Medium-chain hydroxy acid
  • Medium-chain fatty acid
  • Beta-hydroxy acid
  • Hydroxy fatty acid
  • Alpha-hydroxy acid
  • Fatty acyl
  • Fatty acid
  • Hydroxy acid
  • Monosaccharide
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Polyol
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Alcohol
  • Carbonyl group
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginNot Available
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility159 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.6ALOGPS
logP-3.4ChemAxon
logS-0.09ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.39ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count7ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count6ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area138.45 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity38.27 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability17.15 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-0002-0932000000-202af87cea2d1f7184abSpectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-005a-0920000000-2308d9356bc5bb01420eSpectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-014j-0950000000-61ab7adf15e353df4ba2Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (6 TMS)splash10-0le9-1964000000-5eb7d6777170e1ad5fa0Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0002-0932000000-202af87cea2d1f7184abSpectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0le9-1964000000-5eb7d6777170e1ad5fa0Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0002-0931000000-b07fcc4ac1e6701d32c8Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0fr2-0930000000-181f7b697b591cf8080bSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-06tu-9500000000-ebe398c88f74bb51e702Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (6 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-03fr-6121297000-698854fa2453487a1d69Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_6_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS ("Gluconic acid,6TBDMS,#1" TMS) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-06vj-1900000000-78e4a5d92be678c068e4Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-03ds-5900000000-f5d8284baa473ce9d77fSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-014i-9500000000-7c5b20eef98d0e3d6cbbSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-b2632ca9154cc5e44438Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negativesplash10-002b-5900000000-4a3066f9dfd6653682fbSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negativesplash10-004i-9000000000-50f63dfd017a8380a47cSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negativesplash10-056r-9000000000-91ccf7c8949c1c9d852aSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negativesplash10-0a6r-9000000000-6e40f1cebd8b460016b3Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0002-0900000000-b2632ca9154cc5e44438Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-002b-5900000000-cf9b480ac397acfebc71Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-004i-9000000000-eca61f6a9c0f1d06e84dSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-056r-9000000000-91ccf7c8949c1c9d852aSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0a6r-9000000000-6e40f1cebd8b460016b3Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a6r-9000000000-3950065b412843471434Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Negativesplash10-0a6r-7900000000-5bb7335ada119405f6adSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-056r-5900000000-717fb7f30be3f6d61d46Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-002b-6900000000-a8da6e6791f61d154360Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-052b-9500000000-a346a36e3dd0bea4abccSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-056r-9000000000-6e1dd3cd14f2b116fa7cSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-004j-2900000000-42150530e3232b66059bSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03di-9500000000-763d7b03787732284c19Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0bvi-9100000000-040569af699927ca6859Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-05ic-9800000000-3571d4f2ff79bc0d7fa0Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-052r-9400000000-3cb207fadbe1fcae5cb7Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-9100000000-8c900935a94065d0938bSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
2D NMR[1H,1H] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)Not Available
Uses/SourcesNot Available
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB13180
HMDB IDHMDB0000625
FooDB IDFDB001980
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00007303
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDGLUCONATE
METLIN ID345
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkGluconic_acid
Chemspider ID10240
ChEBI ID33198
PubChem Compound ID10690
Kegg Compound IDC00257
YMDB IDYMDB00383
ECMDB IDECMDB00625
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=11777404
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=17439666
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=19577953
4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=20222845
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21086198
6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21424687
7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21819772
8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=22352719
9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=22541639
10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=22688246
11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=22770225
12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=24024763
13. Anastassiadis, Savas; Morgunov, Igor G. Gluconic acid production. Recent Patents on Biotechnology (2007), 1(2), 167-180.
14. Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743.
15. Scano P, Murgia A, Pirisi FM, Caboni P: A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach for the characterization of goat milk compared with cow milk. J Dairy Sci. 2014 Oct;97(10):6057-66. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-8247. Epub 2014 Aug 6.
16. Anastassiadis, Savas; Morgunov, Igor G. Gluconic acid production. Recent Patents on Biotechnology (2007), 1(2), 167-180.
17. Harkness RA, Purkiss P, Duffy S, Chalmers RA, Jones M: The effects of fetal energy depletion on amniotic fluid concentrations of amino acids, organic acids and related metabolites. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1988;11(1):103-13.
18. Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762.