ContaminantDB: Propyl gallate

Identification Taxonomy Biological Properties Physical Properties Toxicity Profile Spectra Concentrations Links References Targets (6)XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2014-09-11 05:19:10 UTC

Update Date

2026-04-16 22:28:37 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM003806

Identification

Common Name

Propyl gallate

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Propyl gallate is found in corn. Propyl gallate is an antioxidant used in foods especially animal fats and vegetable oils. Synergistic with other antioxidants such as Butylated hydroxyanisole DNB28-K and 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol HCH42-H. Especially effective with polyunsaturated fats. Indirect food additive arising from paper or board packaging, adhesives and food contact polymers Propyl gallate is an anti-oxidant. It protects against oxidation by hydrogen peroxide and oxygen free radicals, in a catalytic manner similar to superoxide dismutase. Propyl gallate, or propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate is an ester formed by the condensation of gallic acid and propanol. It is an antioxidant added to foods containing oils and fats to prevent oxidation.[citation needed] As a food additive, it is used under the E number E310. Propyl gallate has been shown to exhibit pro-oxidant and radical scavenger functions (1, 2).

Contaminant Sources

EAFUS Chemicals
FooDB Chemicals
HPV EPA Chemicals
T3DB toxins
ToxCast & Tox21 Chemicals

Contaminant Type

Ester
Ether
Food Additive
Food Toxin
Household Toxin
Metabolite
Natural Compound
Organic Compound
Plant Toxin

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF 3D-SDF PDB SMILES InChI View 3D Structure

Synonyms

Value	Source
Propyl gallic acid	Generator
Gallate, propyl	MeSH
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzene-1-propylcarboxylate	HMDB
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid N-propyl ester	HMDB
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester	HMDB
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester	HMDB
Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, propyl ester	HMDB
e310	HMDB
FEMA 2947	HMDB
Gallic acid N-propyl ester	HMDB
Gallic acid propyl ester	HMDB
Gallic acid, propyl ester	HMDB
N-Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	HMDB
N-Propyl ester OF 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid	HMDB
N-Propyl gallate	HMDB
N-Propyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	HMDB
N-Propyl-gallate	HMDB
Nipa 49	HMDB
Nipagallin P	HMDB
Nipanox S 1	HMDB
PG	HMDB
pro Gallin P	HMDB
Progallin P	HMDB
Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	HMDB
Propyl galiate	HMDB
Propyl gallate (NF)	HMDB
Propylester kyseliny gallove	HMDB
Sustane PG	HMDB
Tenox PG	HMDB
Propyl gallate	KEGG
N-Propyl gallic acid	Generator

Chemical Formula

C₁₀H₁₂O₅

Average Molecular Mass

212.199 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

212.068 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

121-79-9

IUPAC Name

propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate

Traditional Name

propyl gallate

SMILES

CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C10H12O5/c1-2-3-15-10(14)6-4-7(11)9(13)8(12)5-6/h4-5,11-13H,2-3H2,1H3

InChI Key

ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as galloyl esters. These are organic compounds that contain an ester derivative of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Benzenoids

Class

Benzene and substituted derivatives

Sub Class

Benzoic acids and derivatives

Direct Parent

Galloyl esters

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Galloyl ester
P-hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl ester
M-hydroxybenzoic acid ester
P-hydroxybenzoic acid ester
Benzoate ester
Benzenetriol
Pyrogallol derivative
Benzoyl
1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
Phenol
Carboxylic acid ester
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivative
Polyol
Organooxygen compound
Organic oxygen compound
Organic oxide
Hydrocarbon derivative
Aromatic homomonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

trihydroxybenzoic acid (CHEBI:10607 )
a small molecule (CPD-6542 )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm
Extracellular

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Not Available

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

White powder.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	150 °C
Boiling Point	Decomposes
Solubility	3.5 mg/mL at 25 °C

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	1.71 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	1.84	ALOGPS
logP	1.95	ChemAxon
logS	-2.1	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	8.11	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-5.5	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	3	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	86.99 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	4	ChemAxon
Refractivity	53.3 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	21.21 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)	splash10-003r-1591200000-83ddc9d65f8d1fc4dc59	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-003r-1591200000-83ddc9d65f8d1fc4dc59	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0udi-3900000000-21920ec0bc1944203acd	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0300-3009200000-4c9cb5458fd589cfb9f5	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 75V, Positive	splash10-004u-1900000000-2c928c0529e1e856b4cf	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 90V, Positive	splash10-020c-2900000000-6126b5c9249291690c34	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 75V, Negative	splash10-004u-1900000000-3c677dc5e935ac8b92a7	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 90V, Negative	splash10-020c-2900000000-0f7125c76f6115f1a362	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Negative	splash10-03di-0490000000-801c27e3621d93ec37c1	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 15V, Negative	splash10-03di-0190000000-b3af9cab9a755c2515e0	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 45V, Negative	splash10-0400-0920000000-ee4ea381c88a5b7f07e3	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 60V, Negative	splash10-004r-1900000000-fdda012f6b2915b52dde	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-03di-3590000000-e327edc472bde7205749	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0f6x-9610000000-d6337dfac07ea957e6da	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0f6x-9700000000-019f1f6b94c68335f988	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-03di-1490000000-ff8794d740e2004569ea	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-016r-1910000000-1acf485109a5d1fc39e6	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0fvi-3900000000-6045394c44a28e539509	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-03di-0690000000-f4a4482ba53c556490b7	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0w90-1910000000-a11c00d19f2bc9ffbcde	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0uxr-5900000000-7756697004244c98da58	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-03di-0090000000-a3bb7cbc13a749439d3c	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0j4i-0930000000-524d0f46faeeb372fe28	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-016s-9500000000-3ed22349cc0c3913984e	Spectrum
MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-0uk9-2910000000-9f307d16268eddd77840	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum