ContaminantDB: N1-Methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide

Identification Taxonomy Biological Properties Physical Properties Toxicity Profile Spectra Concentrations Links References Targets (3)XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2014-08-29 05:50:10 UTC

Update Date

2026-04-05 16:40:38 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM003138

Identification

Common Name

N1-Methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide

Class

Small Molecule

Description

N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide is a uremic toxin. Uremic toxins can be subdivided into three major groups based upon their chemical and physical characteristics: 1) small, water-soluble, non-protein-bound compounds, such as urea; 2) small, lipid-soluble and/or protein-bound compounds, such as the phenols and 3) larger so-called middle-molecules, such as beta2-microglobulin. Chronic exposure of uremic toxins can lead to a number of conditions including renal damage, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2PY) is one of the end products of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) degradation. Increased serum 2PY concentrations are observed in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients, which along with the deterioration of kidney function and its toxic properties (significant inhibition of PARP-1), suggests that 2PY is an uremic toxin. (2).

Contaminant Sources

FooDB Chemicals
HMDB Contaminants - Urine
T3DB toxins

Contaminant Type

Amide
Ester
Food Toxin
Metabolite
Natural Compound
Organic Compound
Uremic Toxin

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF 3D-SDF PDB SMILES InChI View 3D Structure

Synonyms

Value	Source
1-Methyl-5-carboxylamide-2-pyridone	ChEBI
N'-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide	ChEBI
N(1)-Methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide	ChEBI
N-Methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide	ChEBI
N'Methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₇H₈N₂O₂

Average Molecular Mass

152.151 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

152.059 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

701-44-0

IUPAC Name

1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide

Traditional Name

1-methyl-6-oxopyridine-3-carboxamide

SMILES

CN1C=C(C=CC1=O)C(N)=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C7H8N2O2/c1-9-4-5(7(8)11)2-3-6(9)10/h2-4H,1H3,(H2,8,11)

InChI Key

JLQSXXWTCJPCBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as nicotinamides. These are heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing a pyridine ring substituted at position 3 by a carboxamide group.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organoheterocyclic compounds

Class

Pyridines and derivatives

Sub Class

Pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives

Direct Parent

Nicotinamides

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Dihydropyridinecarboxylic acid derivative
Nicotinamide
Dihydropyridine
Pyridinone
Hydropyridine
Heteroaromatic compound
Lactam
Carboximidic acid
Carboximidic acid derivative
Azacycle
Organic nitrogen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Organooxygen compound
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organic oxide
Organopnictogen compound
Organic oxygen compound
Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

methylpyridines (CHEBI:27410 )
pyridone (CHEBI:27410 )
pyridinecarboxamide (CHEBI:27410 )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Endogenous

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm
Membrane

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Name	SMPDB Link	KEGG Link
Nicotinate and Nicotinamide Metabolism	SMP00048	map00760

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

metabolite

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

White powder.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	41.4 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-0.96	ALOGPS
logP	-1.1	ChemAxon
logS	-0.57	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	15.93	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	1.36	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	1	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	63.4 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	40.76 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	14.71 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	View
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0zg0-4900000000-83295d8ad70d3d55646e	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0gdi-9000000000-6078413def74bf56f076	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0zfr-3900000000-36bf456e144d30bcfd8c	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Positive	splash10-0n4i-9300000000-af2a0597ef17437f3f98	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0udi-0900000000-fb97e1ad0bf72b8f81ef	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 0V, Positive	splash10-0udi-0900000000-3df31b2e00bc83a4103e	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Positive	splash10-0a4j-9500000000-843d3cb23381be7a74be	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0udi-0900000000-e43af86f5bf6d3983d06	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0udi-0900000000-b64dc5db3a8f82da3c8f	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0ik9-1900000000-7da53351adedc1e67e49	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0zir-9300000000-28053d0ec9ded55ae3cf	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0udi-1900000000-e93df4f3c2c8f4de0322	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0pb9-2900000000-36e016881280d17eaae6	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9100000000-282653b830a8366d9872	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-a9caea9efa55584355b6	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0zfr-0900000000-d5151b931abbde60cc77	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9000000000-6e22a1ee0ef6d5f765b1	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0f79-0900000000-3eb746bbbe14af3a4899	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0pbi-1900000000-7d7d3dada7dd4c01c714	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0udi-9000000000-03f374d0eab3d5245833	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure

Endogenous, Ingestion, Dermal (contact)

Mechanism of Toxicity

Uremic toxins such as N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide are actively transported into the kidneys via organic ion transporters (especially OAT3). Increased levels of uremic toxins can stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. This seems to be mediated by the direct binding or inhibition by uremic toxins of the enzyme NADPH oxidase (especially NOX4 which is abundant in the kidneys and heart) (3). Reactive oxygen species can induce several different DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) which are involved in the silencing of a protein known as KLOTHO. KLOTHO has been identified as having important roles in anti-aging, mineral metabolism, and vitamin D metabolism. A number of studies have indicated that KLOTHO mRNA and protein levels are reduced during acute or chronic kidney diseases in response to high local levels of reactive oxygen species (4).

Metabolism

Uremic toxins tend to accumulate in the blood either through dietary excess or through poor filtration by the kidneys. Most uremic toxins are metabolic waste products and are normally excreted in the urine or feces.

Toxicity Values

Not Available

Lethal Dose

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Uses/Sources

Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).

Minimum Risk Level

Not Available

Health Effects

Chronic exposure to uremic toxins can lead to a number of conditions including renal damage, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease.

Symptoms

As a uremic toxin, this compound can cause uremic syndrome. Uremic syndrome may affect any part of the body and can cause nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. It can also cause changes in mental status, such as confusion, reduced awareness, agitation, psychosis, seizures, and coma. Abnormal bleeding, such as bleeding spontaneously or profusely from a very minor injury can also occur. Heart problems, such as an irregular heartbeat, inflammation in the sac that surrounds the heart (pericarditis), and increased pressure on the heart can be seen in patients with uremic syndrome. Shortness of breath from fluid buildup in the space between the lungs and the chest wall (pleural effusion) can also be present.

Treatment

Kidney dialysis is usually needed to relieve the symptoms of uremic syndrome until normal kidney function can be restored.

Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB0004193

FooDB ID

FDB023330

Phenol Explorer ID