Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-07-21 20:28:30 UTC
Update Date2026-03-26 19:30:36 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM002361
Identification
Common NameChloroprocaine
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionChloroprocaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic given by injection during surgical procedures and labor and delivery. Chloroprocaine, like other local anesthetics, blocks the generation and the conduction of nerve impulses, presumably by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential.
Contaminant Sources
  • HMDB Contaminants - Urine
  • STOFF IDENT Compounds
  • T3DB toxins
Contaminant Type
  • Amine
  • Anesthetic, Local
  • Drug
  • Ester
  • Ether
  • Metabolite
  • Organic Compound
  • Organochloride
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-ChloroprocaineChEBI
4-Amino-2-chlorobenzoic acid 2-(diethylamino)ethyl esterChEBI
ChloroprocainChEBI
ChloroprocainumChEBI
CloroprocainaChEBI
4-Amino-2-chlorobenzoate 2-(diethylamino)ethyl esterGenerator
ChlorprocaineHMDB
Nesacaine MPFHMDB
Chlor-procaineHMDB
NesacaineHMDB
Chloroprocaine hydrochlorideHMDB
Chemical FormulaC13H19ClN2O2
Average Molecular Mass270.755 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass270.114 g/mol
CAS Registry Number133-16-4
IUPAC Name2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-amino-2-chlorobenzoate
Traditional Namechloroprocaine
SMILESCCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=C(N)C=C1
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C13H19ClN2O2/c1-3-16(4-2)7-8-18-13(17)11-6-5-10(15)9-12(11)14/h5-6,9H,3-4,7-8,15H2,1-2H3
InChI KeyVDANGULDQQJODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acid esters. These are ester derivatives of benzoic acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassBenzoic acids and derivatives
Direct ParentBenzoic acid esters
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Aminobenzoic acid or derivatives
  • Benzoate ester
  • 2-halobenzoic acid or derivatives
  • Halobenzoic acid or derivatives
  • Benzoyl
  • Aniline or substituted anilines
  • Chlorobenzene
  • Halobenzene
  • Aryl chloride
  • Aryl halide
  • Vinylogous halide
  • Tertiary amine
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
NameSMPDB LinkKEGG Link
Chloroprocaine PathwayNot AvailableNot Available
Applications
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point173-174°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility0.665 mg/mL
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.3 g/LALOGPS
logP2.72ALOGPS
logP2.48ChemAxon
logS-2.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.96ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area55.56 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count7ChemAxon
Refractivity75.1 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability28.74 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0k9i-9400000000-c227313b7fa92099b2dcSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0uk9-1590000000-3e4acb7ab260f903030cSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0udi-2930000000-1d40bf3d15aab91825f7Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0umi-8900000000-4f493970e355eb62dd84Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-2590000000-d6a691c88bdf328bdeceSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0gi0-2960000000-1227ef12643b1bc44f58Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-00di-9800000000-88711037c2b9e1e0a613Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-00di-0290000000-900e9b454cae510395baSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0uk9-0930000000-ede990315b841dc52af0Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0f89-2900000000-89a65d0b933b139cda9fSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-0390000000-7684f7020aefa7770440Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-00fr-1910000000-dc231d66a4743a6fcd82Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0059-5900000000-a2436cca9dd4087d6c5bSpectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-000i-9100000000-5a6841e384b0dfbd1238Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureParenteral (intravenous injection). The rate of systemic absorption of local anesthetic drugs is dependent upon the total dose and concentration of drug administered, the route of administration, the vascularity of the administration site, and the presence or absence of epinephrine in the anesthetic injection.
Mechanism of ToxicityChloroprocaine acts mainly by inhibiting sodium influx through voltage gated sodium channels in the neuronal cell membrane of peripheral nerves. When the influx of sodium is interrupted, an action potential cannot arise and signal conduction is thus inhibited. The receptor site is thought to be located at the cytoplasmic (inner) portion of the sodium channel. It is hypothesized that Chloroprocaine binds or antagonizes the function of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors as well as nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the serotonin receptor-ion channel complex.
MetabolismChloroprocaine is rapidly metabolized in plasma by hydrolysis of the ester linkage by pseudocholinesterase. Route of Elimination: Chloroprocaine is rapidly metabolized in plasma by hydrolysis of the ester linkage by pseudocholinesterase. Urinary excretion is affected by urinary perfusion and factors affecting urinary pH. Half Life: 21 +/- 2 seconds
Toxicity ValuesLD50: 97 mg/kg (Intravenous, Mouse) (1) LD50: 950 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Mouse) (1)
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesFor the production of local anesthesia by infiltration and peripheral nerve block. They are not to be used for lumbar or caudal epidural anesthesia.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsCentral Nervous System Effects: These are characterized by excitation and/or depression. Restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, tinnitus, blurred vision or tremors may occur, possibly proceeding to convulsions. High doses, or unintended intravascular injection, may lead to high plasma levels and related depression of the myocardium, hypotension, bradycardia, ventricular arrhythmias and, possibly, cardiac arrest. Neurologic side effects These observations may include spinal block of varying magnitude (including total spinal block), hypotension secondary to spinal block, loss of bladder and bowel control, and loss of perineal sensation and sexual function. Arachnoiditis, persistent motor, sensory and/or autonomic (sphincter control) deficit of some lower spinal segments with slow recovery (several months) or incomplete recovery have been reported in rare instances. [Wikipedia]
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentThe first step in the management of convulsions, as well as underventilation or apnea due to unintentional subarachnoid injection of drug solution, consists of immediate attention to the maintenance of a patent airway and assisted or controlled ventilation with oxygen and a delivery system capable of permitting immediate positive airway pressure by mask. Immediately after the institution of these ventilatory measures, the adequacy of the circulation should be evaluated, keeping in mind that drugs used to treat convulsions sometimes depress the circulation when administered intravenously. Should convulsions persist despite adequate respiratory support, and if the status of the circulation permits, small increments of an ultra-short acting barbiturate (such as thiopental or thiamylal) or a benzodiazepine (such as diazepam) may be administered intravenously; the clinician should be familiar, prior to the use of anesthetics, with these anti-convulsant drugs. Supportive treatment of circulatory depression may require administration of intravenous fluids and, when appropriate, a vasopressor dictated by the clinical situation (such as ephedrine to enhance myocardial contractile force). If cardiac arrest should occur, standard cardiopulmonary resuscitative measures should be instituted. (3)
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB01161
HMDB IDHMDB0015292
FooDB IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkChloroprocaine
Chemspider ID8293
ChEBI ID3636
PubChem Compound ID8612
Kegg Compound IDC07877
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis Reference

Marks, H.C. and Rubin, M.I.; US. Patent 2,460,139; January 25,1949; assigned to Wallace
& Tiernan Products, Inc.

MSDSLink
General ReferencesNot Available