3-Methylpentane (CHEM001994)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesTargets (4)XML
Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-06-30 20:55:29 UTC
Update Date2026-03-26 21:45:25 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM001994
Identification
Common Name3-Methylpentane
ClassSmall Molecule
Description3-Methylpentane is an isomer of hexane. Hexane is a chemical made from crude oil. It is highly flammable, and its vapors can be explosive. Pure hexane is used in laboratories. Most of the hexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents. The major use for solvents containing hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans. These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries. Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain hexane. Several consumer products contain hexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement. (3)
Contaminant Sources
  • HMDB Contaminants - Feces
  • HPV EPA Chemicals
  • STOFF IDENT Compounds
  • T3DB toxins
Contaminant Type
  • Gasoline Additive/Component
  • Industrial/Workplace Toxin
  • Organic Compound
  • Solvent
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
3-Methyl-pentaneHMDB
Chemical FormulaC6H14
Average Molecular Mass86.175 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass86.110 g/mol
CAS Registry Number96-14-0
IUPAC Name3-methylpentane
Traditional Name3-methylpentane
SMILESCCC(C)CC
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C6H14/c1-4-6(3)5-2/h6H,4-5H2,1-3H3
InChI KeyPFEOZHBOMNWTJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as branched alkanes. These are acyclic branched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassHydrocarbons
ClassSaturated hydrocarbons
Sub ClassAlkanes
Direct ParentBranched alkanes
Alternative ParentsNot Available
Substituents
  • Branched alkane
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
AppearanceColorless liquid.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point-162.9°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility0.0179 mg/mL at 25°C [YALKOWSKY,SH & HE,Y (2003)]
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.046 g/LALOGPS
logP3.98ALOGPS
logP2.97ChemAxon
logS-3.3ALOGPS
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity29.36 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability12.02 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0adi-9000000000-6c96a5fdfe8ce4e77d24Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-3060341393298519091fSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-3ee52b2087c592bcdbeeSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0ab9-9000000000-5a62157b5b53a2a73d4aSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-c44d91f3b273433a3944Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-72fa4d8dca736350f1a6Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-00kr-9000000000-aedb669ea13e77cf74a6Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-2dd044301debb5ba5b0eSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-85d388b4a3b345285adaSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-c536b9920e5efb2a572aSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-e58a231aeb9c5777eb4eSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-052r-9000000000-9c082c87c22921d21b17Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0a4l-9000000000-3fac9f5a185b1d631b98Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0a4i-9000000000-ba2dfed9126ca7ea715dSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureOral (3) ;inhalation (3) ;dermal (3)
Mechanism of ToxicityHexane's toxicity is caused by it neurotoxic metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione. It damages the central and peripheral nervous system by causing axonal swelling and degeneration. 2,5-Hexanedione also reacts with lysine side-chain amino groups in axonal cytoskeletal proteins to form pyrroles. This results in neurofilament cross-linking and loss of function. (3)
MetabolismHexane is mainly absorbed via inhalation, as it is readily absorbed by the lungs. It is distributed throughout the body in the blood, and metabolized by mixed function oxidases in the liver to a number of metabolites. The initial reaction is oxidation by cytochrome P-450 isozymes to hexanols, predominantly 2-hexanol. Further reactions convert 2-hexanol to 2-hexanone, 2,5-hexanediol, 5-hydroxy-2-hexanone, 4,5-dihydroxy-2-hexanone and the neurotoxicant 2,5-hexanedione. Hexane metabolites are excreted in the urine, while unchanged hexane is excreted in expired air. (3)
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesPure hexane is used in laboratories. Most of the hexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents. The major use for solvents containing hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans. These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries. Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain hexane. Several consumer products contain hexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement. (3)
Minimum Risk LevelChronic Inhalation: 0.6 ppm (2)
Health EffectsHexane mainly affects the nervous system. It causes degeneration of the peripheral nervous system (and eventually the central nervous system), starting with damage to the nerve axons. Exposure to hexane may also damage the lungs and reproductive system. (4, 5)
SymptomsBreathing large amounts of hexane causes numbness in the feet and hands, followed by muscle weakness in the feet and lower legs. Continued exposure may lead to paralysis of the arms and legs. However, if removed from the exposure, recovery occurs in 6 months to a year. Inhalation of high concentrations produces first a state of mild euphoria, followed by somnolence with headaches and nausea. (3, 1)
TreatmentNot Available
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB0061885
FooDB IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia Link3-Methylpentane
Chemspider IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
PubChem Compound ID7282
Kegg Compound IDNot Available
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
1. Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.
2. Brugnone F, Perbellini L, Grigolini L, Apostoli P: Solvent exposure in a shoe upper factory. II. Methylcyclopentane, 2-methylpentane, and 3-methylpentane concentration in alveolar and in environmental air and in blood. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1979 Jan 15;42(3-4):355-63.
3. Galvin JB, Bond G: 3-Methylpentane. CAS# 96-14-0. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1999 Sep 10-24;58(1-2):93-102.
4. PRETI M: [Some aspects of the general pharmacology of 2,2-bis(carbamoyloxymethyl)-3-methylpentane (mebutamate)]. Arch Ital Sci Farmacol. 1961 Jul;11:216-24.
5. Favaro G, Romani A, Ortica F: The complex photochromic behaviour of 5,6-benzo(2H)dimethylchromene in 3-methylpentane solution. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2003 Oct;2(10):1032-7.
6. Huang W, Shahriari S, Richert R: Dynamics of glass-forming liquids. X. Dielectric relaxation of 3-bromopentane as molecular probes in 3-methylpentane. J Chem Phys. 2005 Oct 22;123(16):164504.
7. Iwanowski I, Leluk K, Rudowski M, Kaatze U: Critical dynamics of the binary system nitroethane/3-methylpentane: relaxation rate and scaling function. J Phys Chem A. 2006 Apr 6;110(13):4313-9.
8. Iwanowski I, Mirzaev SZ, Kaatze U: Relaxation rate and scaling function of the critical system 3-methylpentane-nitroethane-cyclohexane. J Chem Phys. 2008 Aug 14;129(6):064516. doi: 10.1063/1.2965521.
9. Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-Methylpentane
10. Helmut Heinrich BUSCHMANN, Joerg HOLENZ, 'Process for Preparing Substituted 3-(1-amino-2-methylpentane-3-yl)phenyl Compounds.' U.S. Patent US20110306793, issued December 15, 2011.: http://www.google.ca/patents/US20110306793
11. Werner Aquila, Walter Himmele, Werner Fliege, Hardo Siegel, 'Production of 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol.' U.S. Patent US3966827, issued January, 1971.: http://www.google.ca/patents/US3966827