ContaminantDB: Magnesium perchlorate

Identification Taxonomy Biological Properties Physical Properties Toxicity Profile Spectra Concentrations Links References Targets (4)XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-06-24 15:20:02 UTC

Update Date

2026-04-06 01:08:14 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM001659

Identification

Common Name

Magnesium perchlorate

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Magnesium perchlorate is a powerful oxidizing agent, with the formula Mg(ClO4)2. It decomposes at 250

Contaminant Sources

FooDB Chemicals
HMDB Contaminants - Urine
T3DB toxins

Contaminant Type

Food Toxin
Inorganic Compound
Lachrymator
Perchlorate
Synthetic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
Magnesium perchloric acid	Generator

Chemical Formula

Cl₂MgO₈

Average Molecular Mass

223.206 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

221.882 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

10034-81-8

IUPAC Name

magnesium(2+) ion diperchlorate

Traditional Name

magnesium(2+) ion diperchlorate

SMILES

[Mg++].[O-][Cl](=O)(=O)=O.[O-][Cl](=O)(=O)=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/2ClHO4.Mg/c2*2-1(3,4)5;/h2*(H,2,3,4,5);/q;;+2/p-2

InChI Key

MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as alkaline earth metal perchlorates. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is perchlorate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is an alkaline earth metal.

Kingdom

Inorganic compounds

Super Class

Mixed metal/non-metal compounds

Class

Alkaline earth metal oxoanionic compounds

Sub Class

Alkaline earth metal perchlorates

Direct Parent

Alkaline earth metal perchlorates

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Alkaline earth metal perchlorate
Inorganic oxide
Inorganic salt

Molecular Framework

Not Available

External Descriptors

Not Available

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm
Extracellular

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Not Available

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

white powder,deliquescent (4).

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	251°C
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-0.098	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	-6.9	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	74.27 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	11.91 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	5.23 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Not Available

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure

Inhalation (3) ; oral (3) ; dermal (3) ; eye contact (3).

Mechanism of Toxicity

The primary and most sensitive target of the perchlorate anion (perchlorate) is the thyroid gland. Perchlorate inhibits the transport of iodide (I-) from the blood into the thyroid follicle cells. The inhibition is thought to be accomplished by perchlorate competitively blocking iodide binding to a carrier, or sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), which catalyzes the simultaneous transfer of Na+ and I-across the basolateral membrane of thyroid follicle cells. Perchlorate inhibition of the NIS can limit the availability of iodide needed for the production of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (7) and triiodothyronine (6), which in turn, may affect the circulating levels of T4 and T3. All known effects of perchlorate on the thyroid hormone system derive directly or secondarily from the inhibition of the NIS. T3 is essential for normal development of the nervous system and for the regulation of metabolism of cells in nearly all tissues of the body. Disruption in the availability of T3 in target tissues can result in adverse effects on a wide variety of organs and systems (3).

Metabolism

There is no evidence that magnesium perchlorate is metabolized in the body. It is rapidly eliminated from the body through the urinary tract (3).

Toxicity Values

Not Available

Lethal Dose

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Uses/Sources

Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (3).

Minimum Risk Level

Chronic Oral: 0.0007 mg/kg/day (5)

Health Effects

Adverse effects on a wide variety of organ systems can result from disruption in the availability of T3 to target tissues. Organ systems affected by disturbances in T3 levels include the skin, cardiovascular system, pulmonary system, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, liver, blood, neuromuscular system, central nervous system, skeleton, male and female reproductive systems, and numerous endocrine organs, including the pituitary and adrenal glands. Such an array of secondary potential targets underscores the need to maintain an adequate level of circulating thyroid hormones. Perchlorate, an environmental contaminant, is known to disturb the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis by blocking iodide accumulation in the thyroid. Iodide deficiency can lead to hypothyroidism and goiter (3, 1).

Symptoms

Irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system, depending on the route of exposure. Esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation could occur following exposures (3).

Treatment

In case of oral exposure, immediately dilute with 4 to 8 ounces (120 to 240 mol) of water or milk. Consider after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1 hour). Protect airway by placement in Trendelenburg and left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal intubation. Control any seizures first. Maintain ventilation and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial blood gas or pulse oximetry monitoring. Early use of PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed. Following inhalation, Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with inhaled beta2 agonist and oral or parenteral corticosteroids. In case of acute lung injury, maintain ventilation and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial blood gas or pulse oximetry monitoring. Following eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. Following dermal exposure, remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists. Treat dermal irritation or burns with standard topical therapy. Patients developing dermal hypersensitivity reactions may require treatment with systemic or topical corticosteroids or antihistamines. (8)

Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB0094714

FooDB ID

FDB015400

Phenol Explorer ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

BiGG ID

Not Available

BioCyc ID

Not Available

METLIN ID

Not Available

PDB ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Magnesium perchlorate

Chemspider ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound ID

24840

Kegg Compound ID

Not Available

YMDB ID

Not Available

ECMDB ID

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

MSDS

Not Available

General References

Not Available

Magnesium perchlorate (CHEM001659)

Structure for CHEM001659: Magnesium perchlorate