Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-06-22 16:08:28 UTC
Update Date2026-04-04 04:40:41 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM001459
Identification
Common NameGlutaronitrile
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionGlutaronitrile is a chemical compound of cyanide.
Contaminant Sources
  • T3DB toxins
Contaminant Type
  • Cyanide Compound
  • Industrial/Workplace Toxin
  • Nitrile
  • Organic Compound
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
SynonymsNot Available
Chemical FormulaC5H6N2
Average Molecular Mass94.115 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass94.053 g/mol
CAS Registry Number544-13-8
IUPAC Namepentanedinitrile
Traditional Nameglutaronitrile
SMILESN#CCCCC#N
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C5H6N2/c6-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-3H2
InChI KeyZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as nitriles. Nitriles are compounds having the structure RC#N; thus C-substituted derivatives of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic nitrogen compounds
ClassOrganonitrogen compounds
Sub ClassOrganic cyanides
Direct ParentNitriles
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Nitrile
  • Carbonitrile
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point-29°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility1000 mg/mL at 25°C [MERCK INDEX (1996)]
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility9.08 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.49ALOGPS
logP0.16ChemAxon
logS-1ALOGPS
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area47.58 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity26.1 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability9.98 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0002-9000000000-c5921fef6b7b3f852e2dSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-004i-9000000000-3c5aca5575412db23927Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0ufr-9000000000-8256d5b7bd3c48273bfcSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0006-9000000000-9fd170d031be47ad6b49Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0006-9000000000-a88775308082a259be81Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-002f-9000000000-b31965d29c13cdb08903Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0f6x-9000000000-18c9f56d5a6d6b7a3326Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureOral (1) ; inhalation (1) ; dermal (1)
Mechanism of ToxicityOrganic nitriles decompose into cyanide ions both in vivo and in vitro. Consequently the primary mechanism of toxicity for organic nitriles is their production of toxic cyanide ions or hydrogen cyanide. Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (2)
MetabolismOrganic nitriles are converted into cyanide ions through the action of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver. Cyanide is rapidly absorbed and distributed throughout the body. Cyanide is mainly metabolized into thiocyanate by either rhodanese or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase. Cyanide metabolites are excreted in the urine. (1)
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal Dose220 to 300 milligrams for an adult human (cyanide salts). (3)
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesNot Available
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsExposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (1, 2)
SymptomsCyanide poisoning is identified by rapid, deep breathing and shortness of breath, general weakness, giddiness, headaches, vertigo, confusion, convulsions/seizures and eventually loss of consciousness. (1, 2)
TreatmentAntidotes to cyanide poisoning include hydroxocobalamin and sodium nitrite, which release the cyanide from the cytochrome system, and rhodanase, which is an enzyme occurring naturally in mammals that combines serum cyanide with thiosulfate, producing comparatively harmless thiocyanate. Oxygen therapy can also be administered. (2)
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkGlutaronitrile
Chemspider IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
PubChem Compound ID10994
Kegg Compound IDNot Available
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General ReferencesNot Available