Chromium(III) picolinate (CHEM001233)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesTargets (5)XML
Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-06-19 21:58:47 UTC
Update Date2026-04-06 10:44:07 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM001233
Identification
Common NameChromium(III) picolinate
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionChromium(III) picolinate is a chemical compound of chromium. It is found in nutritional supplements to prevent or treat chromium deficiency. Chromium is a chemical element which has the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is found naturally occuring in rocks, animals, plants, and soil, and is usually mined as chromite ore. Chromium is most toxic in its +6 oxidation state (chromium(VI)) due to its greater ability to enter cells and higher redox potential. Trivalent chromium (chromium(III)) however, is biologically necessary for sugar and lipid metabolism in humans. (6)
Contaminant Sources
  • IARC Carcinogens Group 3
  • T3DB toxins
  • ToxCast & Tox21 Chemicals
Contaminant Type
  • Aromatic Hydrocarbon
  • Chromium Compound
  • Ester
  • Household Toxin
  • Organic Compound
  • Organometallic
  • Pollutant
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, chromium saltChEBI
Chromium 2-pyridinecarboxylateChEBI
Chromium(III) trispicolinateChEBI
Picolinic acid, chromium saltChEBI
Tris(2-pyridinecarboxylato-N(1),O(2))chromiumChEBI
2-Pyridinecarboxylate, chromium saltGenerator
Chromium 2-pyridinecarboxylic acidGenerator
Chromium(III) trispicolinic acidGenerator
Picolinate, chromium saltGenerator
Chromium picolinic acidGenerator
Chromium tripicolinateMeSH
Chromium picolinateChEBI
Chromium(III) picolinic acidGenerator
Chemical FormulaC18H12CrN3O6
Average Molecular Mass418.301 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass418.013 g/mol
CAS Registry Number14639-25-9
IUPAC Namebis(pyridine-2-carbonyloxy)chromio pyridine-2-carboxylate
Traditional Namebis(pyridine-2-carbonyloxy)chromio pyridine-2-carboxylate
SMILESO=C(O[Cr](OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1)C1=CC=CC=N1
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/3C6H5NO2.Cr/c3*8-6(9)5-3-1-2-4-7-5;/h3*1-4H,(H,8,9);/q;;;+3/p-3
InChI KeyCBDQOLKNTOMMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-K
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyridinecarboxylic acids. Pyridinecarboxylic acids are compounds containing a pyridine ring bearing a carboxylic acid group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassPyridines and derivatives
Sub ClassPyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives
Direct ParentPyridinecarboxylic acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Pyridine carboxylic acid
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Carboxylic acid salt
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organic transition metal salt
  • Azacycle
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic salt
  • Organic zwitterion
  • Organic oxide
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic chromium salt
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.031 g/LALOGPS
logP2.9ALOGPS
logP1.53ChemAxon
logS-4.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)2.85ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area117.57 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count9ChemAxon
Refractivity89.57 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability35.52 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014i-0200900000-e6ad4bf13bc058964867Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0aor-0940600000-a19373e40b1728b369e5Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0pb9-9800000000-a806f52e639d9e4303ecSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-0001900000-5f269f42947a703295b1Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-01b9-3602900000-5dfd974eae5e34f080d5Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0fb9-9100000000-18b04917f863d1b32717Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureOral (5) ; inhalation (5) ; dermal (5)
Mechanism of ToxicityTrivalent chromium may also form complexes with peptides, proteins, and DNA, resulting in DNA-protein crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, DNA-DNA interstrand crosslinks, chromium-DNA adducts, chromosomal aberrations and alterations in cellular signaling pathways. It has been shown to induce carcinogenesis by overstimulating cellular regulatory pathways and increasing peroxide levels by activating certain mitogen-activated protein kinases. It can also cause transcriptional repression by cross-linking histone deacetylase 1-DNA methyltransferase 1 complexes to CYP1A1 promoter chromatin, inhibiting histone modification. Chromium may increase its own toxicity by modifying metal regulatory transcription factor 1, causing the inhibition of zinc-induced metallothionein transcription. (1, 5, 2, 3, 4)
MetabolismChromium is absorbed from oral, inhalation, or dermal exposure and distributes to nearly all tissues, with the highest concentrations found in kidney and liver. Bone is also a major storage site and may contribute to long-term retention. Hexavalent chromium's similarity to sulfate and chromate allow it to be transported into cells via sulfate transport mechanisms. Inside the cell, hexavalent chromium is reduced first to pentavalent chromium, then to trivalent chromium by many substances including ascorbate, glutathione, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Chromium is almost entirely excreted with the urine. (1, 5)
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (7)
Uses/SourcesChromium(III) picolinate is found in nutritional supplements to prevent or treat chromium deficiency.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsChromium in its trivalent state is not very toxic. It may be oxidized to hexavalent chromium, a known carcinogen. Hexavalent chromium has also been shown to affect reproduction and development. (1)
SymptomsChromium in its trivalent state is not very toxic, but it may be oxidized to hexavalent chromium. Breathing hexavalent chromium can cause irritation to the lining of the nose, nose ulcers, runny nose, and breathing problems, such as asthma, cough, shortness of breath, or wheezing. Ingestion of hexavalent chromium causes irritation and ulcers in the stomach and small intestine, as well as anemia. Skin contact can cause skin ulcers. (5)
TreatmentThere is no know antidote for chromium poisoning. Exposure is usually handled with symptomatic treatment. (5)
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB11255
HMDB IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkChromium(III) picolinate
Chemspider IDNot Available
ChEBI ID50369
PubChem Compound ID151932
Kegg Compound IDNot Available
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General ReferencesNot Available