Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-06-18 17:03:35 UTC
Update Date2026-05-14 20:08:06 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM000895
Identification
Common NameFenvalerate
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionAgricultural, public health and animal husbandry insecticide.Fenvalerate is an insecticide. It is a mixture of four optical isomers which have different insecticidal activities. The 2-S alpha (or SS) configuration is the most insecticidally active isomer. Fenvalerate consists of about 23% of this isomer. (Wikipedia) Fenvalerate has been shown to exhibit steroidogenic function (2). Fenvalerate belongs to the family of Pyrethroids. These are organic compounds similar to the pyrethrins. Some pyrethroids containing a chrysanthemic acid esterified with a cyclopentenone (pyrethrins), or with a phenoxybenzyl.
Contaminant Sources
  • Clean Air Act Chemicals
  • FooDB Chemicals
  • HPV EPA Chemicals
  • IARC Carcinogens Group 3
  • My Exposome Chemicals
  • STOFF IDENT Compounds
  • T3DB toxins
  • ToxCast & Tox21 Chemicals
Contaminant Type
  • Ester
  • Ether
  • Food Toxin
  • Household Toxin
  • Human Neurotoxin
  • Metabolite
  • Nitrile
  • Organic Compound
  • Organochloride
  • Pesticide
  • Pyrethroid
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
alpha-Cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-4-chloro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetateChEBI
alpha-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrateChEBI
alpha-Cyano-m-phenoxybenzyl 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrateChEBI
PhenvalerateChEBI
PydrinChEBI
AcadrexKegg
a-Cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-4-chloro-a-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetateGenerator
a-Cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-4-chloro-a-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetic acidGenerator
alpha-Cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-4-chloro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetic acidGenerator
Α-cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-4-chloro-α-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetateGenerator
Α-cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-4-chloro-α-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetic acidGenerator
a-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrateGenerator
a-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acidGenerator
alpha-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acidGenerator
Α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrateGenerator
Α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acidGenerator
a-Cyano-m-phenoxybenzyl 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrateGenerator
a-Cyano-m-phenoxybenzyl 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acidGenerator
alpha-Cyano-m-phenoxybenzyl 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acidGenerator
Α-cyano-m-phenoxybenzyl 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrateGenerator
Α-cyano-m-phenoxybenzyl 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acidGenerator
Phenvaleric acidGenerator
Fenvaleric acidGenerator
AgrofenHMDB
alpha-cyano-3-Phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)isovalerateHMDB
AqmatrineHMDB
AsanaHMDB
BelmarkHMDB, MeSH
cyano(3-Phenoxyphenyl)methyl 4-chloro-a-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetate, 9ciHMDB
EctrinHMDB
EsfenvalerateHMDB, MeSH
Evercide 2362HMDB
FenaxinHMDB
FenkemHMDB
FenkillHMDB
FenoxinHMDB
FenvalHMDB
PhenoxinHMDB
SumicidinHMDB, MeSH
FenvalarateMeSH, HMDB
alpha-cyano-3-Phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3- methylbutyrateMeSH, HMDB
Pydrin, (R-(r*,r*))-isomerMeSH, HMDB
Pydrin, (S-(r*,r*))-isomerMeSH, HMDB
Sumi-alphaMeSH, HMDB
alpha-cyano-3-Phenoxybenzyl alpha-isopropyl-4-chlorophenyl acetateMeSH, HMDB
Pydrin, (R-(r*,s*))-isomerMeSH, HMDB
Pydrin, (S-(r*,s*))-isomerMeSH, HMDB
Chemical FormulaC25H22ClNO3
Average Molecular Mass419.900 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass419.129 g/mol
CAS Registry Number51630-58-1
IUPAC Namecyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutanoate
Traditional Nametirade
SMILESCC(C)C(C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC(OC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C25H22ClNO3/c1-17(2)24(18-11-13-20(26)14-12-18)25(28)30-23(16-27)19-7-6-10-22(15-19)29-21-8-4-3-5-9-21/h3-15,17,23-24H,1-2H3
InChI KeyNYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrethroids. These are organic compounds similar to the pyrethrins. Some pyrethroids containing a chrysanthemic acid esterified with a cyclopentenone (pyrethrins), or with a phenoxybenzyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acid esters
Direct ParentPyrethroids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Pyrethroid skeleton
  • Diphenylether
  • Diaryl ether
  • Benzyloxycarbonyl
  • Phenylpropane
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Phenol ether
  • Chlorobenzene
  • Halobenzene
  • Aryl chloride
  • Aryl halide
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Nitrile
  • Carbonitrile
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Ether
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
Applications
Biological Roles
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceYellow/brown liquid.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point39.5 - 53.7°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility2.4e-05 mg/mL at 22°C [SCHIMMEL,SC et al. (1983); SEAWATER]
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.00082 g/LALOGPS
logP6.3ALOGPS
logP6.61ChemAxon
logS-5.7ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)10.62ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area59.32 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count8ChemAxon
Refractivity116.33 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability43.1 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0aor-3960000000-ede98846b29accb0213cSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-00di-0411900000-52e6fc0c3b6bf03d7e0cSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0002-1911400000-22ea92c000b7ebbdd209Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00kb-2900000000-261eba4b78d3491193c5Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-00di-0411900000-52e6fc0c3b6bf03d7e0cSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0002-1911400000-22ea92c000b7ebbdd209Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00kb-2900000000-261eba4b78d3491193c5Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-0010900000-719044399473cc10fb91Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-014l-4443900000-c2b2a294f3547faa9c98Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9610000000-3bc7143c5e05c9a317a8Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-0010900000-719044399473cc10fb91Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-014l-4443900000-c2b2a294f3547faa9c98Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9610000000-3bc7143c5e05c9a317a8Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-05fr-0971700000-e1d0fb924d4c8c3aa703Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-00or-0910000000-6dd73ae505d0f37939ccSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-004i-0920000000-ab183d0d2ab38ae2f6eeSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0aou-0890400000-f05c1fef2a5658843ae3Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-014i-2940300000-0599451e1ad86f10e978Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9110000000-2d94ef50fc108c410d10Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-00or-2910100000-b8a7f37127eaef8c569eSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureOral (3) ; inhalation (3) ; dermal (3)
Mechanism of ToxicityBoth type I and type II pyrethroids exert their effect by prolonging the open phase of the sodium channel gates when a nerve cell is excited. They appear to bind to the membrane lipid phase in the immediate vicinity of the sodium channel, thus modifying the channel kinetics. This blocks the closing of the sodium gates in the nerves, and thus prolongs the return of the membrane potential to its resting state. The repetitive (sensory, motor) neuronal discharge and a prolonged negative afterpotential produces effects quite similar to those produced by DDT, leading to hyperactivity of the nervous system which can result in paralysis and/or death. Other mechanisms of action of pyrethroids include antagonism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition, modulation of nicotinic cholinergic transmission, enhancement of noradrenaline release, and actions on calcium ions. They also inhibit calium channels and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase. (11, 13, 8)
MetabolismFollowing ingestion, pyrethriods are hydrolysed by various digestive enzymes in the gastro-intestinal tract. However, a small portion of the insecticidally active compounds or its derivatives are absorbed, as shown by their toxicity and their effect on the liver. Pyrethriods may also be absorbed following inhalation or dermal contact. They are rapidly distributed to most tissues, particularly to those with a high lipid content, and are concentrated in central and peripheral nervous tissues. Pyrethriods or their metabolites are not known to be stored in the body or to be excreted in the milk, but no study of the matter has employed modern methods. The major metabolic pathways for pyrethriods are hydrolysis of the central ester bond, oxidative attacks at several sites, and conjugation reactions, to produce a complex array of primary and secondary water-soluble metabolites that undergo urinary excretion. Metabolism is believed to involve nonspecific microsomal carboxyesterases and microsomal mixed function oxidases, which are located in nearly all tissue types, with particularly high activities in the liver. Metabolites are excreted in the urine and faeces. (8, 10)
Toxicity ValuesLD50: 70.2 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (12) LD50: 2500 mg/kg (Dermal, Rabbit) (12) LD50: 340 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (16) LD50: 65 mg/kg (Intravenous, Mouse) (16) LC50: >101 g/m3 over 4 hours (Inhalation, Rat) (17)
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (4)
Uses/SourcesFenvalerate is used as an insecticide, mostly to control insects in food, feed, and cotton products, and for the control of flies and ticks in barns and stables. (6)
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsPyrethroid effects typically include rapid onset of aggressive behavior and increased sensitivity to external stimuli, followed by fine tremor, prostration with coarse whole body tremor, elevated body temperature, coma, and death. Paresthesia, severe corneal damage, hypotension and tachycardia, associated with anaphylaxis, can also occur following pyrethriod poisoning. (8)
SymptomsFollowing oral exposure, severe fine tremor, marked reflex hyperexcitability, sympathetic activation can occur. Nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain commonly occur and develop following ingestion. Sudden bronchospasm, swelling of oral and laryngeal mucous membranes, and anaphylactoid reactions have been reported after inhalation. Hypersensitivity reactions characterized by pneumonitis, cough, dyspnea, wheezing, chest pain, irritability to sound and touch, and bronchospasm may occur too. Dermatitis is the main effect of a dermal exposure fenvalerate. (14)
TreatmentFollowing oral exposure, the treatment is symptomatic and supportive and includes monitoring for the development of hypersensitivity reactions with respiratory distress. Provide adequate airway management when needed. Gastric decontamination is usually not required unless the pyrethrin product is combined with a hydrocarbon. Following inhalation exposure, move patient to fresh air. monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with inhaled beta2 agonist and oral or parenteral corticosteroids. In case of eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. If the contamination occurs through dermal exposure, Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists. Vitamin E topical application is highly effective in relieving parenthesis. (5)
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB0253037
FooDB IDFDB008464
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkFenvalerate
Chemspider ID3230
ChEBI ID5014
PubChem Compound IDNot Available
Kegg Compound IDC10988
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSLink
General ReferencesNot Available