ContaminantDB: Cobalt sulfate

Identification Taxonomy Biological Properties Physical Properties Toxicity Profile Spectra Concentrations Links References Targets (35)XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-03-22 21:12:56 UTC

Update Date

2026-05-14 19:52:51 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM000596

Identification

Common Name

Cobalt sulfate

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Cobalt sulfate is found in alcoholic beverages. Once used in fermented malt beverages as a foam stabiliser; now prohibited from use in food
Cobalt sulfate belongs to the family of Transition Metal Sulfates. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is sulfate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is a transition metal.

Contaminant Sources

EAFUS Chemicals
ECHA Toxic for reproduction
FooDB Chemicals
HPV EPA Chemicals
IARC Carcinogens Group 2B
OECD HPV Chemicals
T3DB toxins

Contaminant Type

Cobalt Compound
Food Toxin
Industrial/Workplace Toxin
Inorganic Compound
Metabolite
Pollutant
Synthetic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
Cobalt (2+) sulfate	ChEBI
Cobalt brown	ChEBI
Cobalt monosulfate	ChEBI
Cobalt(II) sulfate	ChEBI
Cobaltous sulfate	ChEBI
CoSO4	ChEBI
Cobalt (2+) sulfuric acid	Generator
Cobalt (2+) sulphate	Generator
Cobalt (2+) sulphuric acid	Generator
Cobalt monosulfuric acid	Generator
Cobalt monosulphate	Generator
Cobalt monosulphuric acid	Generator
Cobalt(II) sulfuric acid	Generator
Cobalt(II) sulphate	Generator
Cobalt(II) sulphuric acid	Generator
Cobaltous sulfuric acid	Generator
Cobaltous sulphate	Generator
Cobaltous sulphuric acid	Generator
Cobalt sulfuric acid	Generator
Cobalt sulphate	Generator
Cobalt sulphuric acid	Generator
Cobalt sulfate, heptahydrate	MeSH

Chemical Formula

CoO₄S

Average Molecular Mass

154.996 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

154.885 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

10124-43-3

IUPAC Name

lambda2-cobalt(2+) sulfate

Traditional Name

λ²-cobalt(2+) ion sulfate

SMILES

[Co++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/Co.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2

InChI Key

KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as transition metal sulfates. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is sulfate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is a transition metal.

Kingdom

Inorganic compounds

Super Class

Mixed metal/non-metal compounds

Class

Transition metal oxoanionic compounds

Sub Class

Transition metal sulfates

Direct Parent

Transition metal sulfates

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Transition metal sulfate
Inorganic cobalt salt
Inorganic oxide
Inorganic salt

Molecular Framework

Not Available

External Descriptors

metal sulfate (CHEBI:53470 )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Cell surface
Cytoplasm
Extracellular
Lysosome
Mitochondrion
Ribosome

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Name	SMPDB Link	KEGG Link
Apoptosis	Not Available	map04210
Abc transporters	Not Available	map02010
Sulfur metabolism	Not Available	map00920
Proteasome	Not Available	Not Available
Oxidative phosphorylation	Not Available	map00190
Nitrogen Metabolism	Not Available	Not Available
Melanogenesis	Not Available	map04916
Dna replication	Not Available	map03030
Circadian rhythm	Not Available	map04710
Cell cycle	Not Available	map04110
Atrazine Degradation	Not Available	Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Not Available

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

Dark blue or red solid.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	735°C (anhydrous) 74°C (heptahydrate)
Boiling Point	420°C
Solubility	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-0.84	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	-3	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	80.26 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	11.53 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	5.81 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	View
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0udi-3900000000-c6edbf576edf3f1ca4c1	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-d71ae8725eee46363412	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-d71ae8725eee46363412	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-d71ae8725eee46363412	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-120ee1a77ec9ad69239b	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-120ee1a77ec9ad69239b	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-120ee1a77ec9ad69239b	Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure

Inhalation (3) ; oral (3) ; dermal (3)

Mechanism of Toxicity

Cobalt is believed to exhibit its toxicity through a oxidant-based and free radical-based processes. It produces oxygen radicals and may be oxidized to ionic cobalt, causing increased lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and inducing certain enzymes that lead to cell apoptosis. Cobalt has also been shown to block inorganic calcium channels, possibly impairing neurotransmission. Cobalt can also chelate lipoic acids, impairing oxidation of pyruvate or fatty acids. In addition, cobalt may inhibit DNA repair by interacting with zinc finger DNA repair proteins, and has also been shown to inhibit heme synthesis and glucose metabolism. Cobalt may activate specific helper T-lymphocyte cells and interact directly with immunologic proteins, such as antibodies (IgA and IgE) or Fc receptors, resulting in immunosensitization. (3)

Metabolism

Cobalt is absorbed though the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Since it is a component of the vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), it is distributed to most tissues of the body. It is transported in the blood, often bound to albumin, with the highest levels being found in the liver and kidney. Cobalt is excreted mainly in the urine and faeces. (3)

Toxicity Values

LD50: 424 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (2) LD50: 143 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (9) LD50: 18 200 ug/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (9)

Lethal Dose

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (7)

Uses/Sources

Cobalt(II) sulfate is used in pigments for glass and porcelain, as well as in storage batteries and electroplating baths, sympathetic inks, and as an additive to soils and animal feeds. (5)

Minimum Risk Level

Chronic Inhalation: 0.0001 mg/m3 (6) Intermediate Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (6)

Health Effects

Exposure to high amount of cobalt can cause heart, lung, kidney, and liver damage. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis. Cobalt may also have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. (3, 4)

Symptoms

Cobalt inhalation can cause asthma-like breathing problems. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis, which is characterized by irritation and rashes. Ingesting large amounts of cobalt may cause nausea and vomiting. (8)

Treatment

Treatment of cobalt poisoning is symptomatic. (3)

Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB0035000

FooDB ID

FDB013604

Phenol Explorer ID