ContaminantDB: Biphenyl

Identification Taxonomy Biological Properties Physical Properties Toxicity Profile Spectra Concentrations Links References Targets (5)XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-03-06 18:58:41 UTC

Update Date

2026-03-31 18:49:47 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM000332

Identification

Common Name

Biphenyl

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Biphenyl is found in alcoholic beverages. Fungistat, especially for citrus fruits. Biphenyl is used as food preservative and flavouring agent. Biphenyl is detected in bilberry, wine grape, carrot, peas, rum, potato, bell pepper, tomato, butter, milk, smoked fatty fish, cocoa, coffee, roast peanuts, olive, buckwheat and tamarind. Generally, the fruit packaging is impregnated with biphenyl, which evaporates into the air space surrounding the fruit. Some biphenyl is absorbed by the fruit skins Biphenyl has been shown to exhibit anti-coagulant and catabolic functions (5, 6). Biphenyl belongs to the family of Biphenyls and Derivatives. These are organic compounds containing to benzene rings linked together by a C-C bond.

Contaminant Sources

Clean Air Act Chemicals
EAFUS Chemicals
FooDB Chemicals
HPV EPA Chemicals
My Exposome Chemicals
OECD HPV Chemicals
STOFF IDENT Compounds
T3DB toxins
ToxCast & Tox21 Chemicals

Contaminant Type

Aromatic Hydrocarbon
Coolant
Food Toxin
Industrial/Workplace Toxin
Metabolite
Natural Compound
Organic Compound
Organochloride
Plasticizer
Pollutant
Polychlorinated Biphenyl

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF 3D-SDF PDB SMILES InChI View 3D Structure

Synonyms

Value	Source
1,1'-Biphenyl	ChEBI
1,1'-Diphenyl	ChEBI
e230	ChEBI
Phenylbenzene	ChEBI
Diphenyl	MeSH
Diphenyl, 14C-labeled	MeSH
1, 1'-Diphenyl	HMDB
1,1'-Biphenyl, 9ci	HMDB
1,1'-Biphenyl, butenylated	HMDB
1,1-Biphenyl	HMDB
Aromatic hydrocarbons, biphenyl-rich	HMDB
Bibenzene	HMDB
Biphenyl-ul-14C	HMDB
BNL	HMDB
Butenylated 1,1'-biphenyl	HMDB
Carolid al	HMDB
FEMA 3129	HMDB
Lemonene	HMDB
Phenador-X	HMDB
PHPH	HMDB
Tetrosin ly	HMDB
Xenene	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₁₂H₁₀

Average Molecular Mass

154.208 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

154.078 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

92-52-4

IUPAC Name

1,1'-biphenyl

Traditional Name

diphenyl

SMILES

C1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C12H10/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H

InChI Key

ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biphenyls and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing to benzene rings linked together by a C-C bond.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Benzenoids

Class

Benzene and substituted derivatives

Sub Class

Biphenyls and derivatives

Direct Parent

Biphenyls and derivatives

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Biphenyl
Aromatic hydrocarbon
Unsaturated hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon
Aromatic homomonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

biphenyls (CHEBI:17097 )
benzenes (CHEBI:17097 )
aromatic fungicide (CHEBI:17097 )
Pesticides (C06588 )
an aromatic compound (BIPHENYL )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Membrane

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Applications

fungicide

Biological Roles

fungicide

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

White scales (2).

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	71°C
Boiling Point	254.5°C (490.1°F)
Solubility	0.00748 mg/mL at 25°C

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.015 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	4.02	ALOGPS
logP	3.62	ChemAxon
logS	-4	ALOGPS
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	0 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	51.19 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	17.96 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	2	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-8900000000-e5b4f289ac40ae7f058d	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-3900000000-11fa850b6e97cb680edd	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-2900000000-59a470228d72016ea76f	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0900000000-01b08aa1cb97e4f8749a	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-1900000000-4ed186df67a09ce0650f	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-3900000000-b083707713188a3b56af	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-2900000000-931304319dd9f132e118	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-6900000000-f9f4bb759b70237cae7b	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - CI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-5043f3793673c0f94d67	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0900000000-77f5c79fcaa35c93a5b8	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-8900000000-e5b4f289ac40ae7f058d	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-3900000000-11fa850b6e97cb680edd	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-2900000000-59a470228d72016ea76f	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0900000000-01b08aa1cb97e4f8749a	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-1900000000-4ed186df67a09ce0650f	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-3900000000-b083707713188a3b56af	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-2900000000-931304319dd9f132e118	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-6900000000-f9f4bb759b70237cae7b	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - CI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-5043f3793673c0f94d67	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0900000000-77f5c79fcaa35c93a5b8	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0udi-1900000000-56e5bf47be0405d6836b	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-edde0dcdd8d1f5866932	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-e45b080cc4494ae7ace3	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0pdr-3900000000-eeea5f59ba3188214b77	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-f405b638fff04b7f3ea6	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-f405b638fff04b7f3ea6	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-5347e97776fd82473263	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-4be39230312831d721f7	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-49244566d5b6e3ac17e6	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0ufr-0900000000-d41e8809ac37a183033c	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-8b214a52c8e78f3210f4	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-8b214a52c8e78f3210f4	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0900000000-43cb10c15248f4da21d0	Spectrum
MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-0udi-3900000000-92b73f1f35424a0fd73d	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure

Inhalation (3) ; dermal (3) ; eye contact (3)

Mechanism of Toxicity

Biphenyl alters the permeability properties of mitochondrial membranes (1).

Metabolism

Diphenyl is well absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. It is rapidly metabolized to 4-hydroxybiphenyl, 4-phenyl-catechol and 4,4'-dihydroxyphenyl, which are excreted in urine and bile as glucuronide and mercapturic conjugates. The metabolites of diphenyl, mainly 4-hydroxybiphenyl, are excreted rapidly and almost exclusively in the urine. Acute oral toxicity is moderate. (11, 4).

Toxicity Values

LD50: 3280 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (13) LD50: 2400 mg/kg (Oral, Rabbit) (9) LD50: 2500 mg/kg (Dermal, Rabbit) (12)

Lethal Dose

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

No indication of carcinogenicity (not listed by IARC). (8)

Uses/Sources

Organic synthesis; heat transfer agent; fungistat in packaging of citrus fruit; plant disease control; manufacture of benzidine; dyeing assistant for polyesters (2).

Minimum Risk Level

Not Available

Health Effects

Exposure to diphenyl can cause necrosis in the liver and kidney, with regions of cirrhosis in liver; also, degenerative changes in heart muscle, damage to the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as death can result from diphenyl poisoning (11).

Symptoms

Symptoms of diphenyl poisoning include headache, fatigue, abdominal pain with nausea or diarrhea and various symptoms, vomiting and bronchitis (11).

Treatment

Consider gastric lavage, after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion. In case of inhalation exposure, move patient to fresh air and monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with inhaled beta2 agonist and oral or parenteral corticosteroids. In case of eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. I f the exposure occurred through dermal contact, remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. (10)

Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB0034437

FooDB ID

FDB012838

Phenol Explorer ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID