4519 T3D4465 Acetoacetic acid It is a weak organic acid and can be produced in the human liver under certain conditions of poor metabolism leading to excessive fatty acid breakdown (diabetes mellitus leading to diabetic ketoacidosis), it is then partially converted to acetone by decarboxylation and excreted either in urine or through respiration. Persistent mild hyperketonemia is a common finding in newborns. These compounds serve as an indispensable source of energy for extrahepatic tissues, especially the brain and lung of developing rats. Another important function of ketone bodies is to provide acetoacetyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA for synthesis of cholesterol, fatty acids, and complex lipids. During the early postnatal period, acetoacetate (AcAc) and beta-hydroxybutyrate are preferred over glucose as substrates for synthesis of phospholipids and sphingolipids in accord with requirements for brain growth and myelination. Thus, during the first 2 wk of postnatal development, when the accumulation of cholesterol and phospholipids accelerates, the proportion of ketone bodies incorporated into these lipids increases. On the other hand, an increased proportion of ketone bodies are utilized for cerebroside synthesis during the period of active myelination. In the lung, AcAc serves better than glucose as a precursor for the synthesis of lung phospholipids. The synthesized lipids, particularly dipalmityl phosphatidylcholine, are incorporated into surfactant, and thus have a potential role in supplying adequate surfactant lipids to maintain lung function during the early days of life. The acid is also present in the metabolism of those undergoing starvation or prolonged physical exertion as part of gluconeogenesis. When ketone bodies are measured by way of urine concentration, acetoacetic acid, along with beta-hydroxybutyric acid or acetone, is what is detected. (A3393). 541-50-4 96 C4H6O3 102.09 White powder. 36.5°C 1000 mg/mL at 20°C No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation. 2014-08-29T06:51:32Z 2026-05-14T17:15:21Z Acetoacetic acid C00164 15344 3-KETOBUTYRATE DB01762 AAE true CC(=O)CC(O)=O C4H6O3 InChI=1S/C4H6O3/c1-3(5)2-4(6)7/h2H2,1H3,(H,6,7) WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 102.0886 102.031694058 Endogenous Solid -0.0015 HMDB00060 94 <p>Erik Herkenrath, &#8220;Process for the production of 1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-4-methyl-7-acetoacetic acid amido-quinoline.&#8221; U.S. Patent US4064131, issued July, 1956.</p> CHEM003425 DTXSID701005834 NS00068392 3-oxobutanoic acid 54.37 22.5389 9.179267520270244 2 3 1 4.024917062647246 -7.473176600242656 -1 0 -0.47 0.37 2.40e+02 g/l