3807 Butenolide Butenolide is a mycotoxin found in various species of fungi of the genus Fusarium. It can often be found in contaminated agricultural products. Butenolide had been implicated as the causative agent of a livestock mycotoxicosis called “fescue foot”, a peripheral vascular disorder occurring in cattle grazing on tall fescue grass. Butenolide is also one of the mycotoxins which have been considered as a suspected etiological factor for Kaschin-Beck disease (an endemic osteoarthropathy) and Keshan disease (an endemic cardiomyopathy), prevailing in some regions of China, and several studies have also indicated that butenolide can cause cartilage damage. (A3036, A3039) 16275-44-8 27790 C6H7NO3 White powder. Oral, dermal, inhalation, and parenteral (contaminated drugs). (A3101) Butenolide causes lipid peroxidation, disrupting the membrane lipid bilayer and causing damage to membrane protiens. It also induces production of reactive oxygen species by impairing the activities of complexes I–IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, especially in the liver, leading to oxidative stress. In addition, butenolide disrupts the cation gradient by inhibiting the activity of Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase, likely either as a side effect of lipid peroxidation or by binding to the sulfhydryl groups in the active sites of these enzymes. (A3036, A3037) LD50: 44 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (A3038) LD50: 275 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (A3038) Not listed by IARC. Butenolide is a mycotoxin found in various species of fungi of the genus Fusarium. It can often be found in contaminated agricultural products. (A3036) Butenolide is cardiotoxic and hepatotoxic. Fusarium mycotoxins has been associated with both alimentary toxic aleukia, and esophageal cancer. Consumption of Fusarium mycotoxins-contaminated foodstuffs has also been considered as a suspected etiological factor for Kashin–Beck disease and Keshan disease. (A3036, A3039) Butenolide irritates the eyes and skin. It may also cause weight loss and growth retardation. (A3036, A3038) 2010-05-13T14:52:29Z 2026-04-06T11:39:00Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butenolide true CC(O)=NC1OC(=O)C=C1 C6H7NO3 InChI=1S/C6H7NO3/c1-4(8)7-5-2-3-6(9)10-5/h2-3,5H,1H3,(H,7,8) HUSDLVGPEKVWAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 141.1247 141.042593095 Exogenous Solid CHEM002721 NS00122085 58.89 33.900299999999994 12.990713637260011 1 3 1 5.564901124556345 -0.8366488483879436 0 1 0.74 -1.12 1.07e+01 g/l