3731 Cytochalasin D Cytochalasins are mycotoxins that have the ability to bind to actin filaments and block polymerization and the elongation of actin. As a result, they can change cellular morphology, inhibit cellular processes such as cell division, and cause cells to undergo apoptosis. Cytochalasins also have the ability to permeate cell membranes, prevent cellular translocation, cause cells to enucleate, and affect other aspects of biological processes unrelated to actin polymerization. Cytochalasin D is has been isolated from the fungi Metarrhizium anisopliae and Zygosporium masonii. It also possesses antibiotic and antitumor activity. (A2910, A2911, L1913, L1916, A2912) 22144-77-0 6433799 C30H37NO6 White powder. 255°C Oral, dermal, inhalation, and parenteral (contaminated drugs). (A3101) Cytochalasins are known to bind to the barbed, fast growing plus ends of microfilaments, which then blocks both the assembly and disassembly of individual actin monomers from the bound end. Once bound, cytochalasin essentially caps the end of the new actin filament. One cytochalasin will bind to one actin filament. By blocking the polymerization and elongation of actin, cytochalasins can change cellular morphology, inhibit cellular processes such as cell division, and cause cells to undergo apoptosis. Cytochalasin D also inhibits protein synthesis. (A2910, A2911, L1913) LD50: 18.5 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Mouse) (A2912) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Cytochalasin D is has been isolated from the fungi Metarrhizium anisopliae and Zygosporium masonii. (A2912) Major biological effects of cytochalasins include inhibition of the division of cytoplasm, reversible inhibition of cell movement, induction of nuclear extrusion, inhibition of such processes as phagocytosis, platelet aggregation and clot retraction, glucose transport, thyroid secretion, and release of growth hormone. Some cytochalasins have been shown to have developmental effects. (L1916) Consider activated charcoal after gastrointestinal absportion. Nitroprusside is recommended to reverse peripheral ischemia secondary to vasoconstriction and for the treatment of hypertension. Anticoagulant therapy with intravenous heparin is also recommended. (A704) 2010-04-16T17:41:35Z 2026-03-31T20:45:27Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochalasin_D true CC1C2C(CC3=CC=CC=C3)NC(=O)C22C(\C=C\CC(C)C(=O)C(C)(O)\C=C\C2OC(C)=O)C(O)C1=C C30H37NO6 InChI=1S/C30H37NO6/c1-17-10-9-13-22-26(33)19(3)18(2)25-23(16-21-11-7-6-8-12-21)31-28(35)30(22,25)24(37-20(4)32)14-15-29(5,36)27(17)34/h6-9,11-15,17-18,22-26,33,36H,3,10,16H2,1-2,4-5H3,(H,31,35)/b13-9+,15-14+ SDZRWUKZFQQKKV-BBXOWAOSSA-N 507.6179 507.262087921 Exogenous Solid CHEMBL1975837 4938858 CHEM002647 DTXSID8037099 NS00011653 112.93 141.5228 54.535388722550806 4 5 3 12.848232228884065 -0.3728268033187402 0 4 2.89 -4.94 5.80e-03 g/l