3593 Sodium nitrite Sodium nitrite is a chemical compound of sodium and nitrite ions. It is used mainly as a color fixative and preservative in meats and fish. Sodium nitrite may also be used in organic synthesis, in dyeing and printing textile fabrics, in photography, as a laboratory reagent and a corrosion inhibitor, and in the manufacture of rubber chemicals. Sodium nitrite also has been used in human and veterinary medicine as a vasodilator, a bronchodilator, and an antidote for cyanide poisoning. Nitrite is a toxic compound known to cause methemoglobinemia. (L1137, L1617) 7632-00-0 23668193 NNaO2 45.992901 White powder. Oral (L1137) ; inhalation (L1137) Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613) Nitrites and their metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L1137) LD50: 158 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (T13) LD50: 65 mg/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (T13) LD50: 85 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T13) LC50: 5.5 mg/L over 4 hours (Inhalation, Rat) (T13) 10 to 100 mg/kg for an adult human. (L1618) Ingested nitrate or nitrite under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135) Sodium nitrite is used mainly as a color fixative and preservative in meats and fish. Sodium nitrite may also be used in organic synthesis, in dyeing and printing textile fabrics, in photography, as a laboratory reagent and a corrosion inhibitor, and in the manufacture of rubber chemicals. Sodium nitrite also has been used in human and veterinary medicine as a vasodilator, a bronchodilator, and an antidote for cyanide poisoning. (L1617) Nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137) Nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Symptoms include cyanosis, cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure, and progressive central nervous system (CNS) effects. CNS effects can range from mild dizziness and lethargy to coma and convulsions. (L1137) Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613) 2009-08-05T14:22:29Z 2026-04-05T15:38:31Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_nitrite C00088 16301 NITRITE Sodium nitrite 962 true [Na+].[O-]N=O NNaO2 InChI=1S/HNO2.Na/c2-1-3;/h(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1 LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 68.9953 68.982672924 Exogenous Solid CHEM002541 DTXSID0020941 NS00075682 52.49 7.6 2.4448587770475987 0 3 0 3.320000070774052 -3.4679102843579623 -1 0