3591 Nitrous acid Nitrous acid is a weak and monobasic acid known only in solution and in the form of nitrite salts. It is prepared by adding any mineral acid to sodium nitrite and is used in chemical synthesis. Nitrite is a toxic compound known to cause methemoglobinemia. (L1137, L1615) 7782-77-6 24529 HNO2 47.000730 Pale blue solution. Oral (L1137) ; inhalation (L1137) Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613) Nitrites and their metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L1137) 10 to 100 mg/kg for an adult human. (L1618) Ingested nitrate or nitrite under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135) Nitrous acid is used in chemical synthesis. (L1615) Nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137) Nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Symptoms include cyanosis, cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure, and progressive central nervous system (CNS) effects. CNS effects can range from mild dizziness and lethargy to coma and convulsions. (L1137) Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613) 2009-08-05T14:20:32Z 2026-04-14T17:38:15Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrous_acid C01818 25567 CPD-1541 Nitrous acid DB09112 true ON=O HNO2 InChI=1S/HNO2/c2-1-3/h(H,2,3) IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 47.0134 47.000728281 Exogenous Liquid CHEM002539 nitrous acid