2795 T3D2753 Indomethacin Indomethacin is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent (NSAIA) with antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity. Its pharmacological effect is thought to be mediated through inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), the enzyme responsible for catalyzes the rate-limiting step in prostaglandin synthesis via the arachidonic acid pathway. 53-86-1 3715 C19H16ClNO4 357.076790 White powder. 151°C 0.937 mg/L (at 25°C) Parenteral(intravenous); enteral(rectal); oral. Bioavailability is approximately 100% following oral administration and 80-90% following rectal administration. Antiinflammatory effects of Indomethacin are believed to be due to inhibition of cylooxygenase in platelets which leads to the blockage of prostaglandin synthesis. Antipyretic effects may be due to action on the hypothalamus, resulting in an increased peripheral blood flow, vasodilation, and subsequent heat dissipation. Indomethacin is a prostaglandin G/H synthase (also known as cyclooxygenase or COX) inhibitor that acts on both prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 and 2 (COX-1 and -2). Prostaglandin G/H synthase catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to a number of prostaglandins involved in fever, pain, swelling, inflammation, and platelet aggregation. Indomethacin antagonizes COX by binding to the upper portion of the active site, preventing its substrate, arachidonic acid, from entering the active site. Indomethacin, unlike other NSAIDs, also inhibits phospholipase A2, the enzyme responsible for releasing arachidonic acid from phospholipids. Indomethacin is more selective for COX-1 than COX-2, which accounts for its increased adverse gastric effects relative to other NSAIDs. COX-1 is required for maintaining the protective gastric mucosal layer. The analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of indomethacin occur as a result of decreased prostaglandin synthesis. Its antipyretic effects may be due to action on the hypothalamus, resulting in an increased peripheral blood flow, vasodilation, and subsequent heat dissipation. Hepatic. Route of Elimination: Indomethacin is eliminated via renal excretion, metabolism, and biliary excretion. Half Life: 4.5 hours LD50: 50 mg/kg (oral, mice) (based on 14 day mortality response) LD50: 12 mg/kg (oral, rat) (based on 14 day mortality response) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). For moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis including acute flares of chronic disease, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, acute painful shoulder (bursitis and/or tendinitis) and acute gouty arthritis. The following symptoms may be observed following overdosage: nausea, vomiting, intense headache, dizziness, mental confusion, disorientation, or lethargy. There have been reports of paresthesias, numbness, and convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. The stomach should be emptied as quickly as possible if the ingestion is recent. If vomiting has not occurred spontaneously, the patient should be induced to vomit with syrup of ipecac. If the patient is unable to vomit, gastric lavage should be performed. Once the stomach has been emptied, 25 or 50 g of activated charcoal may be given. Depending on the condition of the patient, close medical observation and nursing care may be required. The patient should be followed for several days because gastrointestinal ulceration and hemorrhage have been reported as adverse reactions of indomethacin. Use of antacids may be helpful. (L1712) 2009-07-21T20:26:37Z 2026-05-14T16:35:38Z Indomethacin C01926 5918 CPD-10545 Indometacin DB00328 IMN true COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C(C)=C2CC(O)=O C19H16ClNO4 InChI=1S/C19H16ClNO4/c1-11-15(10-18(22)23)16-9-14(25-2)7-8-17(16)21(11)19(24)12-3-5-13(20)6-4-12/h3-9H,10H2,1-2H3,(H,22,23) CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 357.788 357.076785712 Exogenous Solid 4.27 HMDB14473 CHEMBL6 3584 <p>Hubertus L. Regtop, John R. Biffin, &#8220;Preparation of divalent metal salts of indomethacin.&#8221; U.S. Patent US5310936, issued November, 1917.</p> CHEM002172 DTXSID9020740 NS00000217 2-[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]acetic acid 68.53 94.8106 36.6407178471318 4 4 1 3.802743823450038 -2.2657713907246055 -1 3 4.25 -5.17 2.40e-03 g/l