T3D1577

1581 T3D1577

Palladium(II) nitrate

Palladium(II) nitrate is a nitrate of palladium. Palladium is a chemical element with the chemical symbol Pd and an atomic number of 46. It is found as a free metal alloyed with gold and other platinum group metals and in the rare minerals cooperite and polarite. Nitrite is a toxic compound known to cause methemoglobinemia. (L1137, L794) 10102-05-3

24932

N2O6Pd

229.879120 Red/brown solid.

Oral (L1137) ; inhalation (L1137)

Due to their ability to form strong complexes with both inorganic and organic ligands, palladium ions can disturb cellular equilibria, replace other essential ions, and interact with functional groups of macromolecules, such as proteins or DNA. Palladium complexes binding to DNA and RNA leads to strand breakage. Palladium ions are able to inhibit most major cellular functions, including DNA and RNA synthesis. Palladium compounds have been shown to bind to and inhibit various enzymes, including creatine kinase and prolyl hydroxylase. Nitrate's toxicity is a result of it's conversion to nitrite once in the body. Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613, L798)

Palladium may be absorbed through oral, dermal, and inhalation exposure. Once in the body it distributes to the kidney, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, adrenal gland, lung and bone. Palladium's ability to form complexes allows it the bind to amino acids, proteins, DNA, and other macromolecules. Palladium and its metabolites are excreted in the urine and faeces. Intake of some amount of nitrates and nitrites is a normal part of the nitrogen cycle in humans. In vivo conversion of nitrates to nitrites can occur in the gastrointestional tract under the right conditions, significantly enhancing nitrates' toxic potency. The major metabolic pathway for nitrate is conversion to nitrite, and then to ammonia. Nitrites, nitrates, and their metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L1137, A21) Ingested nitrate or nitrite under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135)

Contact with palladium may cause palladium sensitivity and allergy. Animal studies have shown that palladium may damage the liver and kidney. Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137, L798)

Skin contact with palladium may cause contact dermatitis, erythema, and oedema. Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Symptoms include cyanosis, cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure, and progressive central nervous system (CNS) effects. CNS effects can range from mild dizziness and lethargy to coma and convulsions. (L1137, L798) Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613)

2009-06-19T21:58:59Z

2026-04-06T01:08:01Z

Metallothionein-2 (P02795) Metallothionein-1G (P13640) Metallothionein-1H (P80294) Metallothionein-3 (P25713) Metallothionein-1F (P04733) Metallothionein-1E (P04732) Metallothionein-1X (P80297) Metallothionein-1A (P04731) Metallothionein-1B (P07438) Metallothionein-1M (Q8N339) Metallothionein-4 (P47944) Metallothionein-1L (Q93083) (L798)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium(II)_nitrate

C090639

Palladium(II) nitrate

true

[Pd++].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O

N2O6Pd

InChI=1S/2NO3.Pd/c2*2-1(3)4;/q2*-1;+2

GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

230.43

229.879118829

Exogenous Solid

23306

CHEM001343

DTXSID60881413

palladium(2+) ion dinitrate