1038 Cypermethrin Cypermethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid primarily used as an insecticide. It acts as a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects. It is easily degraded on soil and plants but can be effective for weeks when applied to indoor inert surfaces. Exposure to sunlight, water and oxygen will accelerate its decomposition. It is a synthetic pyrethroid. Cypermethrin is highly toxic to fish, bees and aquatic insects, according to the National Pesticides Telecommunications Network (NPTN). Cypermethrin is found in many household ant and cockroach killers, including Raid and ant chalk. Some subsets of isomers of this substance are alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin and zeta-cypermethrin. A pyrethroid is a synthetic chemical compound similar to the natural chemical pyrethrins produced by the flowers of pyrethrums (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and C. coccineum). Pyrethroids are common in commercial products such as household insecticides and insect repellents. In the concentrations used in such products, they are generally harmless to human beings but can harm sensitive individuals. They are usually broken apart by sunlight and the atmosphere in one or two days, and do not significantly affect groundwater quality except for being toxic to fish. (L811, L871, L872) 52315-07-8 2912 C22H19Cl2NO3 415.074200 Light, amber coloured viscous liquid (L875). 80.5°C 4e-06 mg/mL at 20°C [WAUCHOPE,RD et al. (1991A)] Inhalation (L857) ; oral (L857) ; dermal (L857) ; eye contact (L857). Both type I and type II pyrethroids exert their effect by prolonging the open phase of the sodium channel gates when a nerve cell is excited. They appear to bind to the membrane lipid phase in the immediate vicinity of the sodium channel, thus modifying the channel kinetics. This blocks the closing of the sodium gates in the nerves, and thus prolongs the return of the membrane potential to its resting state. The repetitive (sensory, motor) neuronal discharge and a prolonged negative afterpotential produces effects quite similar to those produced by DDT, leading to hyperactivity of the nervous system which can result in paralysis and/or death. Other mechanisms of action of pyrethroids include antagonism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition, modulation of nicotinic cholinergic transmission, enhancement of noradrenaline release, and actions on calcium ions. They also inhibit calium channels and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase. (T10, T18, L857) Cypermethrin has been shown to be well absorbed after oral administration, extensively metabolized, and eliminated as polar conjugates in urine. The main route of metabolism was, as anticipated, via hydrolysis of the ester linkage. The cyclopropane-carboxylic acid moiety is subsequently excreted via the urine as the glucuronide conjugate (L857). LD50: 250-300 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (L873) Spraying and application of nonarsenical insecticides entail exposures that are probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135) Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857) Acute Oral: 0.02 mg/kg/day (Rat) (L857) At high doses, signs of poisoning attributable to cypermethrin include profuse salivation and pulmonary edema, clonic seizures, opisthotonos (i.e., the spine is bent forward such that a supine body rests on its head and heels), coma, and death. At lower doses, commonly observed effects include paresthesia and erythema (L863). Following dermal exposure to cypermethrin, feelings of numbness, itching, burning, stinging, tingling, or warmth may occur, that could last for a few hours. Ddizziness, headache, nausea, muscle twitching, reduced energy, and changes in awareness can reult from inhalation or ingestion of large amounts of cypermethrin. Paralysis can occur after exposure (L857). Following oral exposure, the treatment is symptomatic and supportive and includes monitoring for the development of hypersensitivity reactions with respiratory distress. Provide adequate airway management when needed. Gastric decontamination is usually not required unless the pyrethrin product is combined with a hydrocarbon. Following inhalation exposure, move patient to fresh air. monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with inhaled beta2 agonist and oral or parenteral corticosteroids. In case of eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. If the contamination occurs through dermal exposure, Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists. Vitamin E topical application is highly effective in relieving parenthesis. (L363) 2009-06-18T17:03:35Z 2026-04-14T19:30:57Z Cypermethrin interacts with the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor/channel, sodium as well as calcium channels. Hepatic and extrahepatic carboxylesterases metabolize cypermethrin. Ca2+ ATPase (T18, L857, A259, A260). C10984 4042 CPD-68 C017160 Cypermethrin DB13721 6416 true Liver carboxylesterase 1 (P23141) Carboxylesterase 2 (O00748) Carboxylesterase 3 (Q6UWW8) Inactive carboxylesterase 4 (Q9UKY3) Carboxylesterase 7 ( Q6NT32) Carboxylesterase 8 (Q5XG92) (T18, L857, A259) CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC2=CC=CC=C2)=C1 C22H19Cl2NO3 InChI=1S/C22H19Cl2NO3/c1-22(2)17(12-19(23)24)20(22)21(26)28-18(13-25)14-7-6-10-16(11-14)27-15-8-4-3-5-9-15/h3-12,17-18,20H,1-2H3 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 416.297 415.074198893 Exogenous Solid CHEMBL373204 2809 CHEM000892 DTXSID1023998 NS00108173 cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate