781 Methyl isothiocyanate Methyl isothiocyanate is found in horseradish. Methyl isothiocyanate is isolated from mustard oil, present as glucoside (Methyl glucosinolate <ht>LBB66-Y</ht>). 556-61-6 11167 C2H3NS 72.998620 Colorless crystals. 36°C 7.6 mg/mL at 20°C Inhalation (L96) ; oral (L96) ; dermal (L96) Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L97) Cyanide is rapidly alsorbed through oral, inhalation, and dermal routes and distributed throughout the body. Cyanide is mainly metabolized into thiocyanate by either rhodanese or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase. Cyanide metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L96) LD50: 90-104 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (T58) LD50: 54 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (T14) LD50: 59 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Rat) (T14) LD50: 2780 mg/kg (Dermal, Rat) (T14) LC50: 1900 mg/m3 over 1 hour (Inhalation, Rat) (T14) 200 to 300 milligrams for an adult human (cyanide salts). (T86) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Methyl isothiocyanate is a precursor to a variety of valuable bioactive compounds and is also used in agriculture as a soil fumigant. (L196) Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (L96, L97) Cyanide poisoning is identified by rapid, deep breathing and shortness of breath, general weakness, giddiness, headaches, vertigo, confusion, convulsions/seizures and eventually loss of consciousness. (L96, L97) EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration. 2009-05-25T19:43:14Z 2026-03-27T01:59:03Z Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (Q16762) 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (P25325) (L96) C18587 78337 CPD-10560 C005227 Methyl isothiocyanate 3781 true Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (Q16762) 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (P25325) (L96) CN=C=S C2H3NS InChI=1S/C2H3NS/c1-3-2-4/h1H3 LGDSHSYDSCRFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 73.117 72.998619791 Exogenous Solid 0.94 HMDB34106 CHEMBL396000 10694 CHEM000699 DTXSID2027204 NS00008024 12.36 21.329099999999997 7.197755976971225 0 1 0 -3.0257852017263382 0 0 1.07 -1.36 3.21e+00 g/l