674 T3D0673 Cyanocobalamin Cyanocobalamin (commonly known as Vitamin B12) is the most chemically complex of all the vitamins. Cyanocobalamin's structure is based on a corrin ring, which, although similar to the porphyrin ring found in heme, chlorophyll, and cytochrome, has two of the pyrrole rings directly bonded. The central metal ion is Co (cobalt). Cyanocobalamin cannot be made by plants or by animals, as the only type of organisms that have the enzymes required for the synthesis of cyanocobalamin are bacteria and archaea. Higher plants do not concentrate cyanocobalamin from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. Cyanocobalamin is naturally found in foods including meat (especially liver and shellfish), eggs, and milk products. [HMDB] 68-19-9 44176380 C63H88CoN14O14P 1354.567410 Dark red solid. > 300°C 1.25E+004 mg/L Inhalation (L29) ; oral (L29) ; dermal (L29) Readily absorbed in the lower half of the ileum. Vitamin B12 is used in the body in two forms: Methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin. The enzyme methionine synthase needs methylcobalamin as a cofactor. This enzyme is involved in the conversion of the amino acid homocysteine into methionine. Methionine in turn is required for DNA methylation. 5-Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin is a cofactor needed by the enzyme that converts L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. This conversion is an important step in the extraction of energy from proteins and fats. Furthermore, succinyl CoA is necessary for the production of hemoglobin, the substances that carries oxygen in red blood cells. Cobalt is absorbed though the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Since it is a component of the vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), it is distributed to most tissues of the body. It is transported in the blood, often bound to albumin, with the highest levels being found in the liver and kidney. Cobalt is excreted mainly in the urine and faeces. (L29) Half Life: Approximately 6 days (400 days in the liver). ORL-MUS LD<sub>50</sub> > 8000 mg/kg 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135) Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B12. (L497) It is used for treatment of pernicious anemia (due to lack of or inhibition of intrinsic factor) and for prevention and treatment of vitamin B 12 deficiency. Chronic Inhalation: 0.0001 mg/m3 (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (L134) Exposure to high amount of cobalt can cause heart, lung, kidney, and liver damage. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis. Cobalt may also have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. (L29, L30) Anaphylactic reaction (skin rash, itching, wheezing)-after parenteral administration. Cobalt inhalation can cause asthma-like breathing problems. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis, which is characterized by irritation and rashes. Ingesting large amounts of cobalt may cause nausea and vomiting. (L2090) Treatment of cobalt poisoning is symptomatic. (L29) 2009-03-22T21:24:53Z 2026-05-14T16:24:00Z Serum albumin (P02768) (A39) Cyanocobalamin C02823 17439 CPD-315 D014805 Cyanocobalamin DB00115 8316 true Serum albumin (P02768) (A39) [C@H]1([C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](N3C4=CC(=C(C)C=C4[N+]([Co-3]456(N7C8=C(C9=[N+]4C(C([C@@H]9CCC(N)=O)(C)C)=CC4=[N+]5C(=C(C5=[N+]6[C@@]([C@]7([C@@H]([C@@]8(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@]([H])(C)OP([O-])(=O)O2)CC(N)=O)[H])([C@@]([C@@H]5CCC(N)=O)(C)CC(N)=O)C)C)[C@@]([C@@H]4CCC(N)=O)(C)CC(N)=O)C)C#N)=C3)C)O1)O)CO C63H88CoN14O14P InChI=1S/C62H90N13O14P.CN.Co/c1-29-20-39-40(21-30(29)2)75(28-70-39)57-52(84)53(41(27-76)87-57)89-90(85,86)88-31(3)26-69-49(83)18-19-59(8)37(22-46(66)80)56-62(11)61(10,25-48(68)82)36(14-17-45(65)79)51(74-62)33(5)55-60(9,24-47(67)81)34(12-15-43(63)77)38(71-55)23-42-58(6,7)35(13-16-44(64)78)50(72-42)32(4)54(59)73-56;1-2;/h20-21,23,28,31,34-37,41,52-53,56-57,76,84H,12-19,22,24-27H2,1-11H3,(H15,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,71,72,73,74,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,85,86);;/q;;+2/p-2/t31-,34-,35-,36-,37+,41-,52-,53-,56-,57+,59-,60+,61+,62+;;/m1../s1 RMRCNWBMXRMIRW-WZHZPDAFSA-L 1355.3652 1354.5674053 Endogenous Solid -3.2 HMDB00607 CHEMBL2110563 4575342 <p>Robert H. Allen, &#8220;Preparation of samples for vitamin B12 and/or folate assay and assay.&#8221; U.S. Patent US4451571, issued October, 1982.</p> CHEM000600 DTXSID7044346 NS00078782 cyano[(1R,2R,3R,4R,6Z,8S,11Z,13S,14S,16Z,18S,19S)-8,13,18-tris(2-carbamoylethyl)-3,14,19-tris(carbamoylmethyl)-4-(2-{[(2R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-(5,6-dimethyl-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl phosphonato]oxy}propyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)-1,4,6,9,9,14,16,19-octamethyl-20,21,22,23-tetraazapentacyclo[15.2.1.1^{2,5}.1^{7,10}.1^{12,15}]tricosa-5(23),6,10(22),11,15(21),16-hexaen-20-yl]cobaltylium 440.7899999999999 344.1239000000001 134.6134309987649 16 14 9 1.8185515449284937 -0.5532934785767775 0 12