T3D0074

75 T3D0074

Zinc

A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn. 7440-66-6

23994

63.929138 Bluish-white metallic solid.

419.5°C

908°C

Oral (L49) ; inhalation (L49) ; dermal (113)

Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (P00441) (L49, A49)

Excessive zinc intake alters copper and iron absorption, most likely through competitive binding in intestinal mucosal cells. Stomach acid dissolves metallic zinc, producing zinc chloride, which is a corrosive product damaging the stomach lining. Metal fume fever is thought to be an immune response to inhaled zinc. (L48, L49, A49)

Zinc enters the body through the lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal absorption of zinc is controlled by zinc carrier protein CRIP and metallothioneins. Zinc is widely distributed in tissues and tissues fluids, and concentrated in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, skin, lung, brain, heart, and pancreas. Zinc binds to carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes, and to albumin, α2-macroglobulin, and amino acids in the the plasma. Albumin and amino acid bound zinc can diffuse across tissue membranes. Zinc is excreted in the urine and faeces. (L49) LD50: 630 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T31) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Zinc has many commercial uses as coatings to prevent rust, in dry cell batteries, and can be mixed with other metals to produce alloys such as brass and bronze. Zinc compounds are widely used in industry to make paint, rubber, dyes, wood preservatives, and ointments. (L49)

Intermediate Oral: 0.3 mg/kg/day (L134) Chronic Oral: 0.3 mg/kg/day (L134)

Chronic exposure to zinc causes anemia, atazia, lethargy, and decreases the level of HDL (good) cholesterol in the body. It is also believed to cause pancreatic and reproductive damages. Unbalanced levels of copper and zinc binding to Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase have been linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). (L49)

Ingestion of large doses of zinc causes stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Acute inhalation of large amounts of zinc causes metal fume fever, which is characterized by chills, fever, headache, weakness, dryness of the nose and throat, chest pain, and coughing. Dermal contact with zinc results in skin irritation. (L49) Zinc poisoning is treated symptomatically, often by administering fluids such as water or milk, or with gastric lavage. (L49)

2009-03-06T18:58:02Z

2026-05-14T17:10:08Z

Metallothionein-2 (P02795) Metallothionein-1G (P13640) Metallothionein-1H (P80294) Metallothionein-3 (P25713) Metallothionein-1F (P04733) Metallothionein-1E (P04732) Metallothionein-1X (P80297) Metallothionein-1A (P04731) Metallothionein-1B (P07438) Metallothionein-1M (Q8N339) Metallothionein-4 (P47944) Metallothionein-1L (Q93083) Cysteine-rich protein 1 (P50238) Cysteine-rich protein 2 (P52943) Cysteine-rich protein 3 (Q6Q6R5) Serum albumin (P02768) (L49, A49, L92)

Zinc

C00038

103600 110900 113705 121300 125270 137164 138750 150330 163729 165240 180200 184757 188840 190080 191170 191290 194470 300414 300473 314998 600140 600310 600871 600993 601487 601757 601758 602432 602575 602630 603693 604386 604485 606829 607035 607102 607818 608072 608118

30185

ZN%2b2

D015032

Zinc

DB01593

6568

true

[Zn++]

InChI=1S/Zn/q+2

PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

65.409

63.929146578

Endogenous Solid 0.16

HMDB15532

22430

<p>Robert Nicaise, “Production of zinc powder for electrochemical batteries.” U.S. Patent US4104188, issued 1877.</p>

CHEM000070

DTXSID7035012

NS00099584

zinc

0.0

1.7784

3.09