T3D0033

34 T3D0033

Tetrachloroethylene

Tetrachloroethylene, also known under the systematic name tetrachloroethene, or perchloroethylene ('perc'), and many other names, is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2. It is a colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence it is sometimes called 'dry-cleaning fluid.' It has a sweet odor detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm). Worldwide production was about one million metric tons in 1985. Animal studies and a study of 99 twins by Dr. Samuel Goldman and researchers at the Parkinson's Institute in Sunnyvale, California determined there is a 'lot of circumstantial evidence' that exposure to tetrachloroethene increases the risk of developing Parkinson's disease ninefold. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified tetrachloroethene as a Group 2A carcinogen, which means that it is probably carcinogenic to humans. Like many chlorinated hydrocarbons, tetrachloroethene is a central nervous system depressant and can enter the body through respiratory or dermal exposure. Tetrachloroethene dissolves fats from the skin, potentially resulting in skin irritation. This reaction can be catalyzed by a mixture of potassium chloride and aluminium chloride or by activated carbon. 127-18-4

31373

C2Cl4

163.875410 Colorless liquid.

-22.3°C

0.206 mg/mL at 25°C

Oral (L116) ; inhalation (L116) ; dermal (L116)

Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 (P05023) Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 (P50993) Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 (P13637) Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 (Q13733) Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 (P05026) Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 (P14415) Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 (P54709) Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase gamma chain (P54710) Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1 (P98194) Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 2 (O75185) Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1 (P20020) Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2(Q01814) Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 3 (Q16720) Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4 (P23634) Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 O14983) Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (P16615) Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 (Q93084) (L116, A63)

Tetrachloroethylene is believed to affect the central nervous system by altering the fatty acid pattern of brain phospholipids and amino acids, or being incorporated into brain membranes, which may alter neural conduction velocity. Tetrachloroethylene's liver toxicity is caused mainly by its metabolite, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), which induces hepatocellular peroxisomes, causing DNA damage and leading to liver cancer. It is also thought to interfere specifically with energy-dependent hepatic transport functions by inhibiting cell membrane ATPases and decreasing hepatocyte ATP levels. (L116, A63)

Tetrachloroethylene is readily absorbed following inhalation, oral, and dermal exposure. Once tetrachloroethylene is absorbed, its relatively high lipophilicity results in distribution to fatty tissue. Some tetrachloroethylene is metabolized to trichloroacetic acid (TCA) by cytochrome P-450 enzymes and the glutathione-conjugation pathway, then excreted in the urine. The remaining unmetabolized tetrachloroethylene is exhaled. (L116) LD50: 3835 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L116) LD50: 4678 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (T18) 2857 mg/kg for an adult human. (T13) 2A, probably carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

Tetrachloroethylene is used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing. It is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products, such as paint strippers and spot removers. (L116)

Acute Inhalation: 2 ppm (L134) Intermediate Inhalation: 0.1 ppm (L134) Acute Oral: 0.2 mg/kg/day (L134)

Tetrachloroethylene is a central nervous system depressant. It is also known to cause liver and kidney damage, and is a probably carcinogen. (L116)

Exposure to high concentrations of tetrachloroethylene can cause dizziness, headache, sleepiness, confusion, nausea, difficulty in speaking and walking, unconsciousness, and death. Irritation may result from repeated or extended skin contact with it. (L116) Tetrachloroethylene has no known antidote, and exposure is usually treated symptomatically. (L116)

2009-03-06T18:57:57Z

2026-03-26T22:39:49Z

Glutathione S-transferase P (P09211) Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (P09488) Glutathione S-transferase A1 (P08263) Glutathione S-transferase theta-2 (P30712) Glutathione S-transferase Mu 4 (Q03013) Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 (P30711) Glutathione S-transferase A4 (O15217) Glutathione S-transferase A2 (P09210) Glutathione S-transferase A3 (Q16772) Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 (P21266) Glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (P78417) Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 (Q9Y2Q3) Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 (P28161) Glutathione S-transferase omega-2 (Q9H4Y5) Glutathione S-transferase A5 (Q7RTV2) Glutathione S-transferase Mu 5 (P46439) Glutathione S-transferase theta-4 (A8MPT4) Maleylacetoacetate isomerase (O43708) Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (P10620) Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 (Q99735) Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 (O14880) Cytochrome P450 2B6 (P20813) (L116)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrachloroethylene

C06789

17300

TETRACHLOROETHENE

D013750

Tetrachloroethylene

1350

true

ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl

C2Cl4

InChI=1S/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6

CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

165.833

163.875410828

Exogenous Liquid 3.4

HMDB41980

CHEMBL114062

13837281

CHEM000029

DTXSID2021319

NS00004674

tetrachloroethene