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Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-03-06 18:58:07 UTC
Update Date2016-11-09 01:08:10 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM000112
Identification
Common NamePolonium-210
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionPolonium is a chemical element with the symbol Po and atomic number 84, discovered in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie. A rare and highly radioactive metalloid, polonium is chemically similar to bismuth and tellurium, and it occurs in uranium ores. When it is mixed or alloyed with beryllium, polonium can be a neutron source and has been used in this capacity as a neutron trigger or initiator for nuclear weapons. Polonium has also been studied for possible use in heating spacecraft. It is unstable and all isotopes of polonium are radioactive. It is one ingredient of cigarette. (2)
Contaminant Sources
  • IARC Carcinogens Group 1
  • T3DB toxins
  • Tobacco Smoke Compounds
Contaminant Type
  • Cigarette Toxin
  • Inorganic Compound
  • Metal
  • Metalloid
  • Natural Compound
  • Plutonium Compound
  • Pollutant
  • Radioactive
  • Radioactive Isotope
Chemical Structure
Thumb
SynonymsNot Available
Chemical FormulaH2Po
Average Molecular Mass211.999 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass211.999 g/mol
CAS Registry Number13981-52-7
IUPAC Name(²¹⁰Po)polane
Traditional Name(²¹⁰Po)polane
SMILES[210PoH2]
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/Po.2H/i1+1;;
InChI KeyOFSDTGZOZPQDCK-GOCMCNPZSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as miscellaneous mixed metal/non-metals. These are inorganic compounds containing non-metal as well as metal atoms but not belonging to afore mentioned classes.
KingdomInorganic compounds
Super ClassMixed metal/non-metal compounds
ClassMiscellaneous mixed metal/non-metals
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentMiscellaneous mixed metal/non-metals
Alternative ParentsNot Available
Substituents
  • Miscellaneous mixed metal/non-metal
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External DescriptorsNot Available
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-0.65ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity1.6 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability3.27 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014i-0090000000-70316c48f27e95f2905bSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-014i-0090000000-70316c48f27e95f2905bSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-014i-0090000000-70316c48f27e95f2905bSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-03di-0090000000-7364005eed22e2c1054aSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-03di-0090000000-7364005eed22e2c1054aSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-03di-0090000000-7364005eed22e2c1054aSpectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureOral (2); Inhalation (2)
Mechanism of ToxicityThe alpha radiation polonium emits does not penetrate the skin but can irradiate internal organs when polonium is inhaled or ingested. The ionizing radiation produced by plutonium causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (1, 2)
MetabolismNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)1, carcinogenic to humans. (4)
Uses/SourcesWhen it is mixed or alloyed with beryllium, polonium can be a neutron source and has been used in this capacity as a neutron trigger or initiator for nuclear weapons. Polonium has also been studied for possible use in heating spacecraft. (2)
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsPolonium's radioactivity can cause cancer, especially of the lung, if ingested of inhaled. (2)
SymptomsExposure to high doses of ionizing radiation results in acute radiation syndrome, which can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, low blood pressure, headache, fatigue, weakness, fever, birth defects, illness, infection, and death. (1, 3)
TreatmentChelation agents such as British Anti-Lewisite (dimercaprol) can be used to decontaminate humans. Treatment reversing the effects of irradiation is currently not possible. Anaesthetics and antiemetics are administered to counter the symptoms of exposure, as well as antibiotics for countering secondary infections due to the resulting immune system deficiency. (3, 2)
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
PubChem Compound ID61710
Kegg Compound IDNot Available
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General ReferencesNot Available